盘锦湿地景观格局演化及生境适宜性评价研究  

Landscape Pattern Evolution and Habitat Suitability Evaluation of the Panjin Wetland

作　　者：成遣[1] 周林飞[1] CHENG Qian;ZHOU Lin-fei(College of Water Resources,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水利学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2018年第9期42-46,50,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：辽宁省农业领域青年科技创新人才培养计划项目(2014038);辽宁省教育厅科研课题(L2014250)

摘　　要：作为辽河三角洲的重要组成部分,盘锦湿地是我国重要的水禽栖息地。但随着人类干扰的加剧,自然湿地面积不断萎缩,生态功能日益下降,严重威胁到了水禽栖息地的安全。采用GIS技术和层次分析法确定水源状况(养殖塘和河流密度)、干扰条件(居民地和道路密度)、遮蔽物(景观类型)和食物丰富度(NDVI)等因子的权重进行盘锦湿地水禽栖息地适应性评价,得到水禽栖息地适宜性结果,并分析其时空分布特征及驱动因素。结果表明:(1)盘锦湿地水禽栖息地适宜性最好的面积为7.37万hm2、适宜性良好的面积为17.92万hm2,适宜性一般的面积为8.43万hm2,适宜性差的面积为5.49万hm2。(2)盘锦湿地水禽栖息适宜地区较多,主要分布于芦苇、河流周围等人为干扰较少及食物和水源比较充足的区域。(3)研究结果为盘锦湿地保护和恢复提供数据支持和科学依据。As an important part of the Liaohe River Delta,Panjin Wetland is an important water bird habitat in China. However,with the intensification of human activities,the area of natural wetlands has continued to shrink,and the ecological function has been declining. This has seriously threatened the safety of waterfowl habitat. This paper used GIS technology and AHP to determine the weight of factors such as water source conditions（ pond and river density）,disturbance conditions（ resident and road density）,shelter（ landscape type） and food richness（ NDVI）,etc.,to carry out Panjin wetland waterfowl Habitat adaptability evaluation,obtained the suitability results of waterfowl habitat,and analyzed its spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and driving factors. The results show that：（1） The best area for waterfowl habitat in Panjin wetland is 7.37×104 hm2,the area with good suitability is 17.92×104 hm2,the area with suitable generality is8.43×104 hm2,and the area with poor suitability is 5.49×104 hm2.（2） There are many habitats suitable for waterfowl in Panjin wetland,mainly distributed in areas such as reeds and rivers with less human interference and adequate food and water resources.（3） The research results can provide data support and scientific basis for the protection and restoration of Panjin wetland.

关 键 词：盘锦湿地 栖息地适宜性 GIS 层次分析法 

分 类 号：S27[农业科学—农业水土工程] S342.2[农业科学—农业工程]