清代前期南中国乡村社会的再结构  

The Reconstruction of the Rural Society in South China in the Early Qing Dynasty

作　　者：谢湜[1] Xie Shi(Center for Historical Anthropology,Sun Fat-Sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史人类学研究中心,广州510275

出　　处：《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第5期129-140,共12页Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“明清南岭山地的聚落与族群研究”(项目编号：15JJD770020)、中组部“万人计划”青年拔尖人才支持计划资助.

摘　　要：通过南岭山地和东南海岛的研究个案,结合实地调查与民间文献的分析,可知清朝在南中国确立统治之后,有一个通过地方政府重整土地赋役的过程。在这个过程中,地方精英重建集体记忆,通过契约、谱牒等各种民间文本的历史叙事,或强调前朝旧制的传统,或适应新朝新政的改变,对社会组织加以维系和更新,确认并保护其资源权利。清代前期,地方政府在重建管理秩序中的务实化趋势,与民间的合法化策略相得益彰,使得粮户归宗、海岛复垦等改革得以施行,这一过程对南中国乡村社会的后续发展产生深远影响。Based on the case studies from both the mountainous areas of South China and the offshore islands of Southeast China, the author integrated fieldwork and local literature study in understanding the way of early Qing＇ s rule and found that there was a process of restructuring the taxation and corvee systems by the local governments. Along with the official practice of administration and registration, the local elites reconstructed their collective memories by the historical narrative contained in such folk texts as contracts and genealogical archives. In this process, they either emphasized the institutional tradition of the Ming Dynasty, or got adapted to the new administration of the Qing Dynasty, so as to maintain and renew their social organizations, and legitimate and protect their resources and rights. In the early Qing Dynasty, the local governments in South China benefited from the pragmatic tendency in reconstructing their management order and the folk legitimation strategies. All this put into effect the reforms of the grain growers＇ returning to farming and the reclamation of offshore islands. This process produced a profound influence upon the follow-up development of the rural society in South China.

关 键 词：卫所 华南 海岛 结构过程 历史叙事 

分 类 号：C912.4[经济管理]