蒙元史研究与蒙元历史叙事的建构  

Research on the History of the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty and the Construction of Its Historical Narrative

作　　者：沈卫荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学人文学院

出　　处：《中国社会科学评价》2018年第3期76-87,共12页China Social Science Review

摘　　要：近年来,与对"新清史"的热烈讨论相应,一种在全球史观影响下形成的新的蒙元历史叙事日益引起了人们的关注。这种蒙元历史叙事把蒙古对世界的征服看成是近代世界新秩序之建立的开始,将蒙元王朝的历史从传统的中国古代王朝不断变换更迭这一历史框架中挪移出来,把它看成是一个跨越欧亚、连接东西方世界的大帝国。蒙元帝国的崛起彻底改变了东西方世界的原有格局,它为世界史创造了一个"蒙古时代"。这个时代不再由以欧洲为中心的西方世界和以中国为中心的东方世界两个互相分离的世界组成,而是合成了以横跨欧亚的蒙古帝国为中心的一个整体。蒙古时代对世界格局的这种改变影响巨大,它一直延续到了我们今天所生存的当代世界。历史研究不能完全被今人的立场和观点所左右,但中国的蒙元史学者也不能只研究蒙元王朝的历史而不关注蒙元历史叙事的建构,因为历史研究的目的不只是要揭露历史的真实,而且还要诠释历史的意义。In recent years,corresponding to the heated discussion of the "New Qing History," a new historical narrative of the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty has formed under the influence of global history and is increasingly attracting attention.This historical narrative regards Mongolia's conquest of the world as the beginning of a new world order in modern times.Instead of being regarded as a part in the traditional historical framework of successive dynasties in imperial China,Mongolian Yuan Dynasty is considered as a great empire covering Eurasia and connecting the Eastern and Western world.It is argued that the rise of the Mongol Empire completely changed the old world pattern of the East and West and created a "Mongolian Era" for world history,an era during which the world was no longer separated into the West centered on Europeand the East centered on China,but integrated into a whole centered on the Mongol Empire.It is believed that the impact of the Mongolian Era was so tremendous on the change of world order that it is still lingering on in the world we live today.Although our historical research cannot be steered by the positions and viewpoints of others,Chinese scholars of the history of the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty should not confine themselves only in the Yuan Dynasty without heeding the construction of its historical narrative,because the purpose of historical research is not only to reveal the truth of history,but also to interpret its meaning.

关 键 词：蒙元史 历史叙事 全球史观 大元史 

分 类 号：K247[历史地理—历史学]