乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗和灭活疫苗免疫效果评价  

Immune effects of live attenuated and inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccines

作　　者：刘欣玉[1] 那瑞 俞永新[1] 赵丹华 赵欣 徐宏山[1] 李玉华[1] LIU Xin-yu;NA Rui;YU Yong-xin;ZHAO Dan-hua;ZHAO Xin;XU Hong-shan;LI Yu-hua(National Institutes for Food and Drug Control,Beijing 102629,China)

机构地区：[1]中国食品药品检定研究院,北京102629

出　　处：《中国生物制品学杂志》2018年第9期929-931,935,共4页Chinese Journal of Biologicals

摘　　要：目的对目前市场上的乙型脑炎(简称乙脑)减毒活疫苗和灭活疫苗的免疫效果进行评价。方法将乙脑减毒活疫苗和灭活疫苗以相同剂量免疫小鼠14 d后,采集一部分小鼠血液,分离血清,检测中和抗体水平;另一部分用乙脑病毒强毒P3株进行腹腔攻击,观察小鼠存活情况,计算疫苗的保护率。结果乙脑减毒活疫苗和灭活疫苗原倍免疫小鼠后,抗体阳转率均为100%,乙脑病毒强毒攻击后保护率均为100%;乙脑减毒活疫苗1∶20稀释免疫小鼠后,抗体阳转率为90%,攻击保护率为100%。乙脑灭活疫苗1∶20稀释免疫小鼠后抗体阳转率为80%,乙脑病毒强毒攻击后保护率为70%。结论目前市场上应用的乙脑减毒活疫苗和乙脑灭活疫苗均是有效的,乙脑减毒活疫苗的保护效果更好。但通过接种不同的抗原量和采用不同的免疫程序,均可消除免疫保护效果的差异。Objective To evaluate the immune effects of commercial live attenuated and inactivated Japanese encephalitis（JE） vaccines. Methods Mice were immunized with live attenuated and inactivated JE vaccines at the same dosages respectively. Serum samples were collected from partial mice 14 d after immunization and determined for neutralizing antibody titer,while the other mice were challenged with virulent JE virus P3 strain and observed for survival,based on which the protective rates of vaccines were calculated. Results Both the antibody positive conversion rates of mice immunized with undiluted live attenuated and inactivated JE vaccines were 100%,while the protective rates against challenge with virulent JE virus were 100%. However,the antibody positive conversion rate and protective rate against challenge of mice immunized with live attenuated JE vaccine at a dilution of 1 ∶ 20 were 90% and 100%,while those with inactivated JE vaccine at the same dilution were 80% and 70%,respectively. Conclusion Both the live attenuated and inactivated JE vaccines in the market are effective,while the protective effect of live attenuated vaccine is superior to that of inactivated vaccine. However,the difference may be eliminated by altering the antigen content and immunization schedule.

关 键 词：乙脑减毒活疫苗 乙脑灭活疫苗 免疫效果 攻击保护率 

分 类 号：R373.31[医药卫生—病原生物学] R392.33[医药卫生—基础医学]