不同掺气设施对一体化消能工负压及消能率的影响研究  

Study on the influence of different aeration facilities on negative pressure and dissipation rate of integrated dissipators

作　　者：叶小胜 杨具瑞[1] 张勤 程浩亮 李书曌 YE Xiao-sheng;YANG Ju-rui;ZHANG Qin;CHENG Hao-liang;LI Shu-zhao(Modem Agricultural Engineering College,Kunming university of Science and Technology,Kunming 6500)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学现代农业工程学院,昆明650500

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2018年第4期530-539,共10页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51569010)~~

摘　　要：为了研究阶梯溢流面前几级阶梯与前置掺气坎的不同布置,对宽尾墩+阶梯溢流面+消力池一体化消能工负压及消能率的影响,该文运用水汽两相VOF方法的三维RNGκ-ε模型,对无掺气坎的均匀阶梯、有掺气坎的均匀阶梯(原型方案)、无掺气坎的首级大台阶及有掺气坎的首级大台阶四种方案进行数值模拟,并采用原型方案的水工模型试验验证了模型计算结果的准确性。结果表明:无前置掺气坎的方案一及方案三的WES曲面及阶梯溢流面存在较大负压,无前置掺气坎条件下首级大台阶的设置能减小阶梯溢流面最大负压,但增大了WES曲面最大负压。其中方案一及方案三的WES曲面最大负压分别为-4.32 KPa和-5.03 KPa,阶梯溢流面最大负压分别为-11.1 KPa和-9.19 KPa。有前置掺气坎的方案二及方案四的WES曲面及阶梯溢流面下游不存在负压,最大负压出现在首级阶梯,分别为-9.52 KPa和-0.842 KPa。前置掺气坎与首级大台阶结合的方案四可有效提高消能率,显著减小溢流坝面负压分布范围及负压值。四种方案中,方案四消能率最大,为62.23%,比无前置掺气坎条件下均匀阶梯的方案一消能率58.52%,增大了6.34%。In order to study the effect of different layout of the preceding steps and the pre-aerators of the stepped spillway on negative pressure and energy dissipation rate of the wide-tail pier ＋ step overflow surface ＋ stilling pool integrated dissipators,this study applies a three-dimensional RNG κ-ε model of the VOF method to numerically simulate the following four schemes,as well as applying the hydraulic model of the primary design to verify the accuracy of the results.The four schemes are：（1） uniform step with no pre-aerator;（2） uniform step with pre-aerator（prototype scheme）;（3） first step with no pre-aerator and（4） first step with pre-aerator.The results indicate that there is large negative pressures on WES surface and stepped spillway surface in scheme 1 and 3.Scheme 3 can reduce the pressure on stepped spillway,while it increases the pressure on WES surface.On WES surface,there is a maximum pressures of-4.32 KPa and-5.03 KPa in scheme 1 and 3 respectively.On stepped spillway surface,there is a maximum pressure of-11.1 KPa and-9.19 KPa in scheme 1 and 3 respectively.As for scheme 2 and 4,there is no negative pressure at the downstream of WES surface and stepped spillway surface.The maximum negative pressure occurs at the first step,which is-9.52 KPa and-0.842 KPa in scheme 2 and 4 respectively.The combination of first step with pre-aerator in scheme 4 can effectively increase the energy dissipation rate,and significantly reduce the distribution and value of the negative pressure on stepped spillway surface.Among the four schemes,scheme 4 has the largest energy dissipation rate,which is 62.23%,with an increase of 6.34% compared to scheme 1（58.52%）.

关 键 词：工程水力学 三维数值模拟 掺气减蚀 负压 消能率 

分 类 号：TV135.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]