川西地区具有机土壤物质特性土壤的系统分类  

Taxonomy of Soils Featuring Organic Soil Materials in West Sichuan, China

作　　者：张楚 袁大刚 宋易高 陈剑科 付宏阳 ZHANG Chu;YUAN Dagang;SONG Yigao;CHEN Jianke;FU Hongyang(College of Resources,Siehuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源学院,成都611130

出　　处：《土壤学报》2018年第5期1085-1097,共13页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项项目(2014FY110200A12)资助~~

摘　　要：川西部分地区的气候和地形不利于有机土壤物质的矿化分解,形成了具有机土壤物质特性的土壤,这类土壤与矿质土壤存在明显的区别。为了研究川西地区具有机土壤物质特性土壤的系统分类归属,选取川西地区6个具有机土壤物质特性的土壤剖面作为研究对象,基于成土条件、土壤剖面特征和理化性质的分析,按照《中国土壤系统分类检索(第三版)》,顺序检索供试土壤的诊断层和诊断特性,确定其在系统分类中的地位。结果表明,供试土壤归属于有机土、淋溶土和潜育土3个土纲,细分为3个亚纲,4个土类和6个亚类。依据《中国土壤系统分类土族与土系划分标准》,建立了6个土族和6个土系。据此可知,具有机土壤物质特性的土壤并不全是有机土,也可能是淋溶土或潜育土;有机土并不一定具有机表层,如埋藏亚类的有机土。相比于发生分类,系统分类能够更准确地区分同一区域具有近似生物气候条件的土壤类型。In certain regions of West Sichuan, the climate and topography is not very conducive to mineralization and decomposition of organic materials in the soil, thus making the soil enriched with organic soil materials and significantly different from mineral soils. 【Objective】In order to study where to put the soils rich in organic soil material in the western part of Sichuan in the soil taxonomy, this study was conducted. 【Method】Six soil profiles featuring such soils were selected in areas as research objects. Forming conditions, morphological characteristics and physicochemical properties of the soils were analyzed to determine diagnostic horizons and diagnostic features of the soils, by referring to the ＂Keys to Chinese Soil Taxonomy（third Edition）＂ and then find niches for these soil in the soil taxonomy. 【Result】Results show that the selected soils could be sorted into three soil orders（Histosols, Argosols and Gleyosols）, and further into three suborders, four soil groups and six subgroups. According to the ＂Criteria for Establishment of Soil Family and Soil Series in the Chinese Soil Taxonomy＂, the six soils were ruled into six soil families and six series. 【Conclusion】It was found that the soils rich in organic soil material were not necessarily always to be Histosols, while they could be either Argosols or Gleyosols. And Histosols might not necessarily have a Histic epipedon. The Histosols of Buric subgroup were good examples. Compared with the soil genetic classification system, the soil taxonomy could distinguish more accurately soil types from each other in the same area under similar bioclimatic conditions.

关 键 词：有机土壤物质 诊断层 诊断特性 土壤系统分类 土系 有机土 

分 类 号：S155.3[农业科学—土壤学]