Ⅱ级狂犬病暴露后两种免疫接种程序的免疫效果比较  

An comparison of immune effect between two immunization schedules after grade Ⅱ rabies exposure

作　　者：宋倩倩[1] SONG Qian-qian(Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Pingdingshan City,Pingdingshan,Henan 467000,China)

机构地区：[1]平顶山市疾病预防控制中心,河南平顶山467000

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2018年第9期1255-1257,共3页Journal of Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的观察不同程序预防Ⅱ级狂犬病暴露免疫效果和不良反应情况。方法将190例Ⅱ级狂犬病暴露者所接受的不同免疫程序分为两组:"2-1-1"程序免疫组采用"2-1-1"程序接种疫苗(n=93),常规程序免疫组采用常规5针法免疫程序接种疫苗(n=97)。采用间接ELISA法检测狂犬病毒IgG抗体,观察疫苗接种72 h不良反应发生情况。结果疫苗接种14 d抗体阳转率两组之间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.13,P<0.05),疫苗接种45 d抗体阳转率比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.06,P>0.05)。"2-1-1"程序免疫组抗体产生迅速、阳转率也高。两组全身和局部不良反应发生率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。"2-1-1"程序免疫组接种周期缩短7 d,人均医药费用节省20%。结论 "2-1-1"程序接种狂犬病疫苗预防Ⅱ级狂犬病暴露中和抗体产生迅速、安全性好、经济有效。Objective To observe the immune effects and adverse reactions of different procedures in the prevention of level II rabies exposure. Methods 190 level II rabies exposed individuals were divided into two groups based on the different immunization programs： In the experimental group, there were Ninety-three people received the ＂2-1-1＂ program to get vaccinated; In the contrast group, there were Ninety-seven people received routine 5-pin immunization program to get vaccinated. Rabies virus IgG antibody was detected by indirect ELISA. The adverse reactions within 72 hours after vaccination were observed. Results On the 14＇h day of the vaccination, the differences between two groups of antibody positive rate had statistical significance （X2=4.13, P〈0.05）. On the 45＇h day of the vaccination, the differences between the two groups had no statistical significance. （~2=0.06, P〉0.05）. It was concluded that the test group＇s antibodies production was more rapid ; the positive rate was also higher. There was no significant difference in the incidence of systemic and local adverse reactions between the two groups （P〉0.05）. The cycle of the test group vaccination was shortened by 7 days, and the per capita medical expenses could be saved by twenty percent. Conclusion Vaccination of rabies vaccine with ＂2-1-1＂ program is very effective in preventing the occurrence of level I] rabies and the antibodies production is high, and it is also safe and cost-effective.

关 键 词：狂犬疫苗 免疫程序 免疫效果 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]