辐射沙洲地形对南黄海潮汐过程的影响  

Effects of Radial Sand Ridges on tidal process in the South Yellow Sea

作　　者：袁金金 冯曦 冯卫兵[1] Jinjin Yuan;Xi Feng;Weibing Feng(College of Harbor,Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院,南京210098

出　　处：《科学通报》2018年第27期2904-2918,共15页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：江苏省海岸海洋资源开发与环境安全重点实验室基金(JSCE506);卫星海洋环境动力学国家重点实验室开放课题基金(SOED1609);国家自然科学基金(51709091);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20170874);中央高校基本科研业务费(2017B00514)资助

摘　　要：利用海岸及大洋环流模型FVCOM三维数值模式模拟了南黄海区域辐射沙洲地形条件下的潮波运动,并与实测天文潮进行验证,保证了计算精度.在相同动力条件下,又模拟了去除辐射沙洲地形时的南黄海潮波运动情况.结果表明:辐射沙洲地形使得潮波波形发生形变,落潮历时大于涨潮历时,且越接近近岸这种差异越大,非线性效应显著;辐射沙洲地形的存在使得辐射状汊道的流速变大,均超过1 m/s,涨潮期和落潮期流速均大于辐射沙洲北部的废黄河口和南部的长江口;与此同时,辐射沙洲地形的存在使得该海域潮能通量变大,加快了潮能耗散,也使得临界层化参量值向近海移动,即潮混合锋区向近岸移动.同时,伴随着近岸层化参量值变小,海水掺混在辐射沙洲地区更为严重.The South Yellow Sea continental shelf, with a wide area of shallow waters, is located at the intersection of the rotating tidal wave system in the west of the South Yellow Sea and the tidal wave system in the East China Sea. The South Yellow Sea has a unique radiation sandbar terrain, and there are large currents of sand ridges and current channels. Most of the current researches focus on the development and evolution mechanisms of Radial Sand Ridges. However, there are few studies on the influence of tidal waves on terrain in this region. In this paper, the three-dimensional numerical model FVCOM（Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model） was used to simulate the tidal propagation in the South Yellow Sea and was verified with measurements. This paper compares the changes in the tidal wave of the South Yellow Sea with and without the effect of Radial Sand Ridges to analyze the topographic effect. The changes of tidal wave shape, tidal current velocity, the redistribution of tidal energy and the distribution of tidal mixed zone were analyzed. This research has important implications for the prediction of tides, the development of fisheries and the maintenance of the ecological environment of the South Yellow Sea. The results show that the shape of tidal wave is distorted by the radial sand ridges： mainly, the duration of tidal ebbing is longer than that of tidal flooding. The distortion becomes distinct as the tidal wave approaches the shore, implying that the closer the tidal wave gets to the shore, the greater the nonlinear effect will be. The presence of the Radial Sand Ridges makes the flow rate of the radial inlet larger than 1 m/s, and the flow rate of both the rising tide and the ebbing tide is greater than that of the Waste Yellow River Estuary and the South Yangtze Estuary. At the same time, the existence of the special terrain enlarges the tidal energy flux, speeds up the tidal energy dissipation, and also makes the critical values of the tidal mixing front closer to the shore, namely the tidal mixing zon

关 键 词：南黄海 辐射沙洲 涨落潮 潮流流速 潮能通量 潮能耗散 潮混合 

分 类 号：P731.23[天文地球—海洋科学] P737