基于GIS的泾惠渠灌区地下水储存量分析  

GIS-BASED ANALYSIS OF GROUNDWATER STORAGE VARIATION IN JINGHUIQU IRRIGATION DISTRICT

作　　者：徐斌[1,2,3] 王金凤 张艳[4] 金岚 李换换[4] 熊玉晴 XU Bin1,2,3 , WANG Jin-feng1,2,3 , ZHANG Yan4, JIN Lan4 , LI Huan-huan4 , XIONG Yu-qing4(1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang, an University, Xi, an 710054, China; 2. Research Institute for Water and Developments, Chang, an University, Xi, an 710054, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Chang,an University, Xi＇ an 710054, China; 4. School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang, an University, Xi＇ an 710054, China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,西安710054 [2]长安大学水与发展研究院,西安710054 [3]长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,西安710054 [4]长安大学地球科学与资源学院,西安710054

出　　处：《环境工程》2018年第9期46-49,共4页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：高等学校学科创新引智计划(B08039);国家自然科学基金(41273104);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(310829171005;310829161010;310827171006)

摘　　要：为了分析泾惠渠灌区地下水储存量消耗情况,探讨GIS在地下水动态研究中的作用,通过1978年和2014年地下水动态观测资料,利用GIS空间分析工具和地下水储存量分析模型对灌区浅层地下水储存量进行计算,对不同时期地下水流场空间分布特征进行可视化展示和统计分析。结果表明:1978年,泾惠渠灌区浅层地下水平均水位为390.35 m,至2014年,浅层地下水平均水位为382.00 m,最低水位下降了7.90 m,最高水位下降了16.08 m,平均水位下降了8.35 m;1978—2014年,灌区潜水储存量减少了8.27×10~8 m^3,年均减少0.23×10~8 m^3。灌区西南部形成了经"燕王—崇皇—张卜—北田"等地,长约45 km、平均宽度约10 km的大型疏干区域,局部储存量约减少了5.60×10~8 m^3,占整个灌区减少量的67.69%。GIS能较好地应用于地下水储存量计算、空间分布特征获取、信息可视化和统计分析。This study analyzed the characteristics of groundwater storage variation in Jinghuiqu irrigation district of China, and discussed the roles of GIS. Based on the observation data of groundwater in 1978 and 2014, the groundwater storage variation was analyzed by GIS and groundwater storage analysis model, and the spatial distribution characteristics of groundwater flow field in different periods, were visualized and statistically analyzed. The results showed that in 1978, the average groundwater level in study area was 390. 35 m, and in 2014, the average groundwater level was 382. 00 m, the lowest level decreased by 7.90 m, the highest level decreased by 16.08 m, and the average water level decreased by 8.35 m. From 1978 to 2014, the groundwater storage decreased by 8. 27 ~ 10 8 m3 , with an annual reduction of 0. 23 ~ 108 m3. A large dredging area of 45 km long and 10 km width along Yanwang-Chonghuang-Zhangbu-Beitian was formed in the southwestern part of the irrigation district, reducing by about 5.60 ~ 10s m3 of the storage, accounting for 67.69% of the total decrease in the study area. The study proved that GIS was applicable and useful in the acquisition of spatial distribution, information visualization, and statistical analysis of groundwater dynamics.

关 键 词：泾惠渠灌区 地下水 储存量 动态 地理信息系统 

分 类 号：P641.8[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]