基于闪电数据的中山地区雷电特征及防护效率分析  

Analysis of Lightning Characteristics and Protection Efficiency in Zhongshan Area Based on Lightning Data

作　　者：林世祺 李秋健 成志军 谢宝永 黄慧峰 LIN Shi-qi;LI Qiu-jian;CHENG Zhi-jun;XIE Bao-yong;HUANG Hui-feng(Zhongshan Meteorological Service,Zhongshan 528400,China)

机构地区：[1]中山市气象局,中山528400

出　　处：《价值工程》2018年第31期223-226,共4页Value Engineering

摘　　要：本文采用中山地区2005年至2008年云地闪电资料,统计分析了中山地区雷电特征及其直击雷防护效率,为该地区的雷电防护工程提供技术支撑。统计分析表明,中山地区年平均云地闪电次数为239325次;负地闪电占闪电总数的94.55%,平均负地闪电强度为42.64k A;正闪电占闪电总数的5.55%。中山市总闪平均强度为40.55k A,负地闪的平均强度为42.64k A,正地闪的平均强度38.01k A。中山地区地闪活动主要集中在4-9月(汛期),闪电次数占全年的99.4%。正、负地闪电强度主要集中在10~60k A,约占闪电总数的79.0%。中山地区建筑物直击雷保护范围按照一、二、三类防雷类别设计时,其绕击率分别为0.82%、5.62%和15.59%,即第一、第二、第三类防雷建筑物直击雷防护效率分别为99.18%、94.38%、84.41%左右。雷电流幅值大于200k A、15Ok A、100k A的概率分别是0.656%、1.289%、5.578%,因此,按照第一、第二、第三类防雷建筑物安全距离计算时,将分别会有是0.656%、1.289%、5.578%左右的反击率发生。In this paper, the lightning data from 2005 to 2008 in Zhongshan area were used to analyze the lightning characteristics of the Zhongshan area and the lightning protection efficiency of the direct lightning protection, which provided technical support for the lightning protection project in the area. Statistical analysis shows that the average annual cloud-to-ground lightning frequency in Zhongshan is 239,325 times; negative ground lightning accounts for 94.55% of the total lightning, and the average negative ground lightning intensity is42.64 k A; positive lightning accounts for 5.55% of the total lightning. The average lightning intensity of Zhongshan City is 40.55 k A, the average intensity of negative ground lightning is 42.64 k A, and the average intensity of positive ground lightning is 38.01 k A. The ground lightning activities in Zhongshan area are mainly concentrated in April-September（the flood season）, and the number of lightnings accounts for 99.4% of the whole year. The lightning intensity of positive and negative ground is mainly concentrated in 10 ~60 k A, accounting for79.0% of the total number of lightning. When the lightning protection scope of buildings in Zhongshan area is designed according to the lightning protection categories of Class I, II and III, the shielding rate is 0.82%, 5.62% and 15.59%, namely the lightning protection efficiency of direct lightning of the first, second and third types of lightning protection buildings is 99.18%, 94.38% and 84.41%respectively. The probability of lightning current amplitude greater than 200 k A, 15 Ok A, 100 k A is 0.656%, 1.289% and 5.577%respectively. Therefore, according to the safety distance of the first, second and third lightning protection buildings, there will be 0.656%,1.289% and 5.577% respectively of the counterattack rate occurred.

关 键 词：雷电流强度 绕击率 反击率 防护效率 

分 类 号：P427.32[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]