吸引和稳定农村基层卫生人员的影响因素及其干预策略研究进展  

Review on Factors and Interventions to Attract and Retain Rural Primary Care Providers

作　　者：秦敬柱[1] 宋奎勐[2] QIN Jing-zhu;SONG Kui-meng(QindaoMunicipal Hospital,Shandong,Qingdao,266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛市市立医院,山东青岛266071 [2]山东省医药卫生科技信息研究所,济南250062

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2018年第10期17-19,共3页Chinese Primary Health Care

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71503150);山东省自然科学基金(BS2015SF008)

摘　　要：目的总结国内外有关农村基层卫生人员吸引和稳定的影响因素及其主要干预策略的研究进展,为改善我国农村基层卫生人员的招募和留用提供参考。方法对国内外基层卫生人力资源现状、离职意愿和工作意愿、工作选择的影响因素、主要干预策略和效果以及离散选择实验方法的应用等进行文献复习和研究。结果农村基层卫生人员尤其是骨干人员招募难、留用难,且存在较高的离职意愿,个人、工作和生活等相关因素是选择或留在农村基层的主要考虑因素。国内外采取了多种有效的干预措施,但缺乏对干预效果的评价。结论农村基层卫生人员招募难、留用难限制了我国农村基层卫生人力资源整体素质的提升,必须采取具有成本效果的干预策略加以改善。OBJECTIVE To summarize studies on factors and interventions to attract and retain rural primary care providers, in order to of-fer advice on how to improve the recruitment and retention of rural primary care providers in China. METHODS Studies on the current sta-tus of primary care providers, turnover intention and work intention, factors of job choice, major interventions and their effects, the use of discrete choice experiments were collected and reviewed. RESULTS It was not easy to attract and retain rural primary care providers; they had a high level of turnover intention; personal factors, work-related factors and living-related factors were important on their job choice; although many interventions had been carried out, there were inadequate effect studies so far. CONLZUSION Difficulties on the recruit-ment and retention greatly restrain the overall eompeteney of rural primary eare providers. Cost-effeetive interventions must be earried out.

关 键 词：基层卫生人员 吸引和稳定 最优策略 离散选择实验 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]