B/CuO复合燃料的制备及其对Mg/PTFE富燃料推进剂的影响  

Preparation of B/Cuo Composite Fuel and Its Influence on Mg/PTFE Fuel-rich Propellant

作　　者：刘厅[1] 陈昕[1] 韩爱军[1] 叶明泉[1] 潘功配[1] LIU Ting;CHEN Xin;HAN Aijun;YE Mingquan;PAN Gongpei(School of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology（Jiangsu Nanjing,210094)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《爆破器材》2018年第5期9-15,共7页Explosive Materials

基　　金：国家部委科研项目(40406010201)

摘　　要：为了研究纳米氧化铜(CuO)改性硼(B)对镁/聚四氧乙烯(Mg/PTFE)富燃料推进剂的影响,利用球磨法制备了B/CuO复合燃料,将其添加到Mg/PTFE富燃料推进剂中,利用混合模压成型法制备含有不同比例的复合燃料的推进剂药柱。利用扫描电镜、TG-DSC分别测试了B/CuO复合燃料的微观形貌和热反应性能;利用红外测温仪、X射线衍射、TG-DSC分别测试了推进剂的燃烧速度、燃烧温度、反应产物以及热反应性能。结果表明:复合燃料混合较为均匀,局部有团聚; n(B):n(CuO)=323的复合燃料的放热量高于B的放热量,燃烧效率最高,为73. 1%,点火温度比B低66℃。含此复合燃料的推进剂的燃烧速度和质量燃烧速度均高于Mg/PTFE,分别提高了25. 6%和3. 1%,平均燃烧温度降低了16℃,最高燃烧温度则提高了6℃,但是相对于含B的Mg/PTFE推进剂,含此复合燃料的推进剂的燃烧速度和质量燃烧速度分别下降2. 91%和19. 51%,平均燃烧温度下降了94℃和121℃;复合燃料推进剂一次燃烧的凝聚相产物主要有MgF_2、MgO、C、Cu以及Mg_3F_3(BO_3);一次燃烧反应过程主要是PTFE的分解以及F_2和Mg的反应,二次燃烧反应过程则主要为C、Mg以及复合燃料的氧化。In order to study the effect of boron modified by nano-CuO on Mg / PTFE fuel-rich propellant, B/ CuOcomposite fuel was prepared by ball-milling method and put into Mg / PTFE fuel-rich propellant as additives, and then threekinds of Mg / PTFE fuel-rich propellants with different types of B/ CuO composite fuel were prepared by mixing and moldingtechnology. Microstructure and thermal reactivity property of B/ CuO composite fuel were tested by SEM and TG-DSCrespectively. Burning rate, burning temperature, reaction product and thermal reactivity performances were tested by ther-mal infrared imager, X-ray diffraction and TG-DSC. Results show that the fuel is mixed relatively uniform, but aggregatespartially. Heat generation of B/ CuO composite fuel, in which n（B）︰n（CuO） is 32︰3, is higher than boron powder, itscombustion efficiency （73. 1%） is the highest, and ignition temperature is 66 ℃ lower than that of boron powder. Com-pared with Mg / PTFE propellant, combustion velocity and mass combustion velocity of Mg / PTFE fuel-rich propellant contai-ning this composite fuel increase by 25. 6% and 3. 1% respectively, average combustion temperature decreases by 16 ℃,and the highest combustion temperature improves by 6℃. While compared with Mg / PTFE propellant containing B, com-bustion velocity and mass combustion velocity of Mg / PTFE fuel-rich propellant containing this composite fuel decrease by2. 91% and 19. 51% respectively, and average combustion temperature and the highest combustion temperature decrease by94 ℃ and 121℃. The primary combustion products of propellant containing composite fuel powder were MgF2 , MgO, C,Cu and Mg3F3 （BO3 ）. The primary combustion reactions are PTFE decomposition and reaction between F2 and Mg. Whilethe secondary combustion reactions involve oxidations of C, Mg, and composite fuel.

关 键 词：硼粉 富燃料推进剂 燃烧 

分 类 号：TQ517.2[化学工程]