耳鸣患者的严重程度与负性情绪的相关性及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the correlation between the severity degree and negative emotions in tinnitus patients and its influencing factors

作　　者：张顺旺[1] 刘立波[1] 田军艳 王英[1] ZHANG Shunwang;LIU Libo;TIAN Junyan;WANG Ying(E.N.T.Department,No.256 Clinical Department,Bethune International Heping Hospital,Shijiazhuang 050800,China)

机构地区：[1]白求恩国际和平医院256临床部耳鼻咽喉科,河北石家庄050800

出　　处：《中国现代医生》2018年第27期54-57,共4页China Modern Doctor

摘　　要：目的探讨耳鸣患者严重程度和负性情绪的相关因素。方法调查87例耳鸣患者的一般情况、耳鸣病程、疗效、耳鸣响度频度匹配、纯音听阈、听觉过敏试验与耳鸣残疾量表(THI)、抑郁-焦虑-压力量表(DASS-21)综合分析,评估耳鸣严重程度和负性情绪的影响因素。结果 THI量表与DASS-21量表结果呈正相关关系(r=0.9929)。焦虑、抑郁是耳鸣患者中最常见的负性情绪,耳鸣患者负性情绪的发生率为45.98%,其中焦虑35.63%,抑郁10.34%,且与耳鸣的严重程度呈正相关。耳鸣高频段高响度(焦虑57.69%、抑郁19.23%,以下同)和极高响度(57.14%、28.57%)、耳鸣急性期(45.71%、5.71%)和慢性期(38.46%、26.92%)、治疗无效(39.19%、12.16%)和听觉过敏者(78.79%、27.27%)负性情绪发生率与其他组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。听力损失程度、性别及年龄等与负性情绪无明显相关性。结论 THI量表与DASS-21量表可量化的评估耳鸣患者的严重程度和负性情绪,可相互说明或补充。病程不同阶段、耳鸣频率、耳鸣响度、治疗效果、听觉过敏是影响患者耳鸣严重程度及负性情绪的主要因素,宜进行针对性干预。Objective To investigate the related factors of severity degree and negative emotion in the patients with tinnitus. Methods The general condition, tinnitus duration, curative effect, match of tinnitus fi＇equency and loudness, pure tone hearing threshold, auditory allergy test and tinnitus disability scale（THI）, depression-anxiety-pressure scale （DASS-21） were investigated in 87 patients with tinnitus, and were given comprehensive analysis. The influencing factors of severity of tinnitus and negative emotions were evaluated. Results The THI scale was positively correlated with the DASS-21 scale（r=0.9929）. Anxiety and depression were the most common negative emotions in the patients with tinnitus. The incidence rate of negative emotions in the patients with tinnitus was 45.98%. Among them, anxiety was 35.63% and depression was 10.34%, which were positively correlated with the severity of tinnitus. High frequeney band and high loudness of tinnitus（anxiety 57.69%, depression 19.23%, the same hereinafter） and extremely high loudness （57.14%, 28.57%）, tinnitus acute phase（45.71%, 5.71%） and chronic phase （38.46%, 26.92%）, treatment ineffective （39.19%, 12.16%） and the incidence rate of negative emotions in the patients with hearing allergies （78.79%, 27.27%） were statistically significantly different with those in other groups（P〈0.05）. There was no significant correlation between the degree of hearing loss, gender and age and negative emotions. Conclusion The THI scale and the DASS-21 scale can be used to quantify the severity and negative emotions of tinnitus patients, which can be explained or supplemented. Different stages of the disease, tinnitus frequeney, tinnitus loudness, treatment effect, and hearing hypersensitivity are the main factors affecting the severity and negative emotions in the patients with tinnutis, and targeted intervention should be carried out preferably.

关 键 词：耳鸣 情绪 焦虑 抑郁 THI量表 DASS-21量表 

分 类 号：R764.45[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]