植物证据在刑事案件侦破中的应用  

Review on Applying Botanical Evidence into Solving Cases

作　　者：吕宙 杨桔[1,2] 唐泽英 万立华[4] Lü Zhou;YANG Ju;TANG Zeying;WAN Lihua(Chongqing Forensic Engineering Research Center for Higher Education,Institute of Judicial Identifcation and Evidence,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing,401120,China;Department of Forensic Medicine,School of Criminal Investigation,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing,401120,China;Judicial Identifcation Center,Institute of Judicial Identifcation and Evidence,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing,401120,China;Forensic Medicine Section of Basic Medical College,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,400016,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学司法鉴定与证据科学研究院重庆高校物证技术工程研究中心,重庆401120 [2]西南政法大学刑事侦查学院法医教研室,重庆401120 [3]西南政法大学司法鉴定与证据科学研究院司法鉴定中心,重庆401120 [4]重庆医科大学基础医学院法医学教研室,重庆400016

出　　处：《刑事技术》2018年第5期401-405,共5页Forensic Science and Technology

基　　金：西南政法大学校级科研课题青年项目(No.2015XZQN-31)

摘　　要：法医植物学是研究与法律相关的植物证据问题的一门交叉学科,其研究主要涉及犯罪现场相关植物的分布、毒品原植物的鉴定以及植物的生长发育和变化规律等。作为犯罪现场中重要的生物学证据之一,大部分的植物证据分布广泛、个体微小且数量较多,有些种类的植物证据不易腐败,有些种类的植物证据易粘附在人体毛发或衣物上,因此与许多类型的刑事案件能够发生关联。在某些故意杀人、故意伤害、抢劫、入室盗窃、强奸、绑架、拐卖人口、毒品制造等刑事案件的侦破中,现场和嫌疑人员、被害人身上发现的植物证据可用于辅助推断作案地点、溺死落水地点,排查嫌疑作案车辆,鉴定毒品原植物种属及追溯其原产地,以及推断作案时间、死亡时间与埋尸时间等,具有良好的应用前景。本文对植物证据在刑事案件中的应用研究进行综述,并就其未来研究趋势作简要探讨。Forensic botany is an interdisciplinary subject that studies the botanic evidence involving into legal matters, mainly covering the researches on distribution of the plants found at crime scene, genetic identification of narcotic plants, development of the entangled plants and their variation patterns. Most of the botanical evidence is widely distributed, microscopic in size but mass in quantity, with some being resistant to decomposition and some easy to attach to human hair and/or clothes. Therefore, such evidence can leave its clues to many kinds of crime, e.g., homicide, intentional assault, robbery, burglary, rape, people missing and narcotics producing. Botanical evidence, when found on crime scenes, suspects and/or victims, can assist in deducing where one crime occurred or one individual drowned, hunting for the suspected vehicle, identifying the narcotic plant and its origin, as well as inferring the time about crime happening, death and/or burying. This article reviews the progress of applying botanical evidence into solving cases, together with the discussion on the trend about relevant researches.

关 键 词：法医植物学 植物证据 花粉 硅藻 毒品原植物 

分 类 号：D919[医药卫生—法医学]