从进化生物学观点谈胰岛素抵抗和高血压的关联机制  

Insight into the Association of Insulin Resistance and Hypertension:from Viewpoint of Evolutionary Biology

作　　者：周明生 ZHOU Mingsheng(Department of Physiology,Shenyang Medical College,Shenyang 110034,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳医学院基础医学院生理学教研室,辽宁沈阳110034

出　　处：《沈阳医学院学报》2018年第5期385-389,共5页Journal of Shenyang Medical College

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.81470532)

摘　　要：胰岛素抵抗和高血压是代谢综合征的重要组成部分,是一对相互关联、相互依存的西方"文明性疾病"。从进化生物学角度,胰岛素抵抗和高血压可能是古人类为适应能量和盐分摄入不足的环境,经过自然选择保存节俭基因而形成的一种生理适应性机制。这些机制曾帮助祖先在饥饿、急性损伤等应激状态下促进生存。然而,在目前运动不足、盐和能量摄入过多的现代生活环境下,这些机制可能不适当地被激活,引起肥胖、高血压和胰岛素抵抗综合征等"文明性疾病"的流行。本文从进化生物学的观点,论述胰岛素抵抗和高血压间的相互关联机制以及现代生活方式对它们的影响。Insulin resistance and hypertension are core components of the metabolic syndrome, and a pair of interrelated and interdependent ＂Western civilization diseases＂. From she perspective of evolutionary biology, insulin resistance and hypertension could be viewed as physiological mechanisms to preserve the thrifty genotype for our ancestors to adapt to a low salt and low-calorie supply environment. The adaptive mechanisms have favored our ancestors to survive fi＇om the critical conditions such as famine, trauma and other physical stress. However, with the switch to sedentary lifestyle with consuption of sodium- and energy-rich diets, the preserved thrifty genotype could be activated and maladaptive to prototypical ＂civilization diseases＂, such as obesity, hypertension and insulin resistance syndrome. This article reviews human evolution and impact of modem lifestyle on hypertension and insulin resistance.

关 键 词：胰岛素抵抗 高血压 进化生物学 炎症 节俭基因 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]