船用真空绝热板活性炭／膨胀石墨复合吸气剂试制  

Preparation of a Composite Getter via Activated Carbon and Expanded Graphite for Vacuum Insulation Panels Used on Board Ships

作　　者：廖海峰[1] 杨秦榕 郑青榕[1] 朱子文[1] LIAO Haifeng;YANG Qinrong;ZHENG Qingrong;ZHU Ziwen(Provincial Key LaboratorT of Naval Architecture ＆ Ocean Engineering,School of Marine Engineering Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省船舶与海洋工程重点实验室,集美大学轮机工程学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《集美大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第5期367-372,共6页Journal of Jimei University：Natural Science

基　　金：福建省教育厅科技项目(JA13181);厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20173026);国家自然科学基金项目(51679107)

摘　　要：为推进真空绝热板(VIPs)在船舶冷藏集装箱中的应用,以多孔介质与VIPs内气体混合物之间的吸附机制研制吸气剂。根据船用玻璃纤维芯材VIPs内主要混合物(水蒸气、乙烯、丙烯和氢气)的吸附特点,选择比表面积约1 900 m^2/g的椰壳活性炭SAC-02和膨胀石墨,应用溶液浸渍法,由丙酮和硝酸镍对活性炭进行表面担载金属改性,并通过正交实验设计,确定导热系数最小时的活性炭/膨胀石墨复合吸气剂制备方案。结果表明,最佳制备方案为:可膨胀石墨的膨胀温度为800℃;膨胀时间为50 s;活性炭与膨胀石墨质量混合比为1∶4;成型压力9 MPa。在0℃、0～500 Pa压力范围内,与当前在用的吸气剂JMU-01相比,由最佳方案制备的吸气剂JMU-02至少可获得11. 47%乙烯、10. 65%丙烯和3. 87%氢气的总吸附量增量。基于碳基材料的船用玻璃纤维芯材VIPs吸气剂具有良好应用前景。In observation of quickening the step of application of vacuum insulation panels （VIPs） on ship＇s reefer containers, mechanism of adsorption was introduced for the interaction between porous medium and the gas mixtures contained within the VIPs. Based on the adsorption characteristics of water vapor, ethyl- ene, propylene and hydrogen, which are the major components within glass fiber VIPs for on board application, one kind of coconut shell activated carbon SAC -02 having a specific surface area about 1 900 m^2/g was se- lected as matrix to synthesize the getter. Solution impregnation technique was employed for surface modification on the selected activated carbon by using acetone as solution and nickel nitrate as solvend. Orthogonal experi- mental design was conducted based on the argument that the thermal conductivity of the developed composite getters should be the minimum under the experimental condition, and the supposed getter was then prepared by mixing the as - prepared activated carbon sample with the expanded graphite, which was developed at tempera- ture 800 ℃ with a duration about 50 s with a mass ratio 1 ： 4 and consolidated under pressure 9 MPa. Results from verification tests show that the performance of the prepared composite getter JMU -02 is better than that of the getter currently used. Results also reveal utilization of JMU - 02 can at least bring about mount respectively for ethylene, propylene and a promising for glass fiber VlPs used on board that, at temperature 0 ℃ and within pressure range 0 -500 Pa, 11.47%, 10.65% and 3.87% increment in total adsorption a- hydrogen. It suggests that carbon based composite getter may be ships.

关 键 词：活性炭 膨胀石墨 吸气剂 真空绝热板 

分 类 号：TB74[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]