连续种植不同绿肥作物的土壤团聚体空间分布及稳定性特征  

Distribution and Stability of Aggregate Affected by Continuous Different Green Manures Cultivation

作　　者：张钦 于恩江[2] 林海波 张爱华 陈正刚[1] 朱青[1] 曹卫东[4] 姚单君 魏全全 ZHANG Qin;YU Enjiang;LIN Haibo;ZHANG Aihua;CHEN Zhenggang;ZHU Qing;CAO Weidong;YAO Danjun;WEI Quanquanx(Guizhou Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,GAAS/Guizhou Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,GAAS/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation and Agriculture Environment（Guizhou）,Ministry of Agriculture,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006,China;Soil and Fertilizer Station of Guizhou,Guiyang,Guizhou 550003,China;Guizhou Univer- sity,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,CAAS,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所/贵州省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业部贵州耕地保育与农业环境科学观测试验站,贵州贵阳550006 [2]贵州大学,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州省土壤肥料工作总站,贵州贵阳550003 [4]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2018年第9期1708-1717,共10页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：贵州省科学技术基金项目(黔科合LH字[2014]7702号);贵州省社发攻关项目(黔科合[2016]支撑2837);国家绿肥产业技术体系(No.CARS-22);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(No.201103005)

摘　　要：为探讨连续种植绿肥对土壤团聚体的影响,以箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa L.)、肥田萝卜(Raphanus sativus L.)、蓝花苕子(Vicia cracca L.)、毛叶苕子(Vicia villosa Roth)、光叶苕子(Vicia villosa var.)为研究对象,分析了连续种植不同绿肥作物下的土壤团聚体组成、空间分布及稳定性特征。结果表明:连续种植绿肥能够提高0~40cm土层不同粒径土壤机械稳定性团聚体、水稳性团聚体含量,不同绿肥作物显著提高的土壤团聚体在粒径大小及空间分布上不相同。并且连续种植绿肥有利于土壤水稳性大聚体(>0.25 mm)的形成,>5 mm粒级的土壤水稳性团聚体的增加对土壤水稳性大团聚体积累的影响较为突出,其中肥田萝卜的土壤水稳性大团聚体含量最高。另外,连续种植绿肥还显著降低了0~20 cm土层的土壤团聚体破坏率(9.24%~38.19%),土壤团聚体破坏率表现为毛叶苕子<肥田萝卜<蓝花苕子<箭筈豌豆<光叶苕子,而对土壤平均重量直径的影响表现不同,肥田萝卜、毛叶苕子有利于0~20 cm土壤平均重量直径的提升,蓝花苕子、肥田萝卜对20~40 cm土壤的平均重量直径有显著的提高,肥田萝卜对土壤平均重量直径的促进作用在空间上更深,而光叶苕子降低了土壤平均重量直径。To investigate the effects of continuous planting green manure on soil aggregate, six treatments were chosen for this work： Clean tillage, Vicia sativa L., Raphanus sativus L., Vicia cracca L., Vicia villosa Roth, Vicia villosa var. And the constituent, spatial distribution, stability of continuous planting green manure cultivation were worked out. The results showed that the content of mechanical-stable and water stable aggregate increased under green manure cultivation in the 0–40 cm soil layer. The significant improvement of distribution and size of aggregate was different between different kinds of green manure. Continous planting cultivation of green manure is beneficial to the formation of big water stable aggregate（ 0.25 mm）, and the increase of the contents of 5 mm soil water-stable aggregates had a prominent influence on the accumulation of big water-stable aggregates. The percentage of big water-stable aggregate under the treatment of R. sativus L. was the highest. Moreover, the percentage of aggregate destruction under green manure cultivation the in 0–20 cm soil layer decreased significantly by 9.24%–38.19%. The percentage of aggregate destruction showed that V. villosa RothR. sativus L.V. cracca L.V. sativa L.V. villosa var. Different kinds of green manure had different effects on mean weight diameter. At 0–20 cm soil depth, R. sativus L. and V. villosa Roth were conducive to the promotion of mean weight diameter and at 20–40 cm soil depth V. cracca L. and R.sativus L. had an obvious increase in mean weight diameter. The promotion of R. sativus L. on mean weight diameter was deeper than the others in space, but V. villosa var. reduced the mean weight diameter.

关 键 词：土壤团聚体 绿肥 组成 分布 稳定性 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学]