改革开放40年产业结构政策回顾与展望  

Retrospect and Prospect of China's Industrial Structure Policy over the Past 40 Years of Reform and Opening-Up

作　　者：张小筠 刘戒骄[1] Zhang Xiaoyun;Liu Jiejiao

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院工业经济研究所

出　　处：《改革》2018年第9期42-54,共13页Reform

基　　金：中国社会科学院创新工程项目"竞争政策理论前沿与政策走向"(批准号:SKGJCX2017-03)

摘　　要：改革开放40年来,随着工业化深入推进、市场经济迅速发展和产业体系不断健全,我国产业结构政策在目标、内容、理念、类别、手段上都发生了很大变化,回顾梳理这些变化有助于更好地把握未来产业结构政策取向。整体上看,我国产业层次仍处于低端水平,未来产业结构升级需更多依靠技术创新驱动,这要求政策理念由管制和代替市场向矫正和完善市场转变;政策类别由纵向政策为主向促进竞争、激励创新的横向政策为主转变;政策手段由严格投资审批向负面清单、自由进出转变,由行政性指令向竞争性立法转变,补贴方式由特惠性向普惠性转变,由生产环节向研发和消费环节转变。Over the past 40 years of reform and opening-up,along with the increasing development of the industrialization and market economy, the objectives, contents, concepts, categories, and measures of China＇s industrial structure policy were all changed. Reviewing these changes is helpful for grasping the policy orientation in future. On the whole, the industrial development still stays around the lower level. In new period, China＇s industrial structure upgrading will rely more on innovation driving, so we should advance the shift of policy＇s concept from government regulation to perfect marketing system, and the shift of policy＇s category from mainly longitudinal industrial policy-oriented to mainly transverse industrial policy-oriented which is beneficial to promote competition and stimulate innovation. On the concrete policies and measures, strict investment approval should turn to negative list and freely access, executive orders should turn to competitive legislations, preferential subsidy should turn to prevalent subsidy, and subsidizing production should turn to subsidizing R＆D and consumption.

关 键 词：产业结构政策 产业结构调整 产业转型升级 经济增长方式 

分 类 号：F121[经济管理—世界经济]