氮素形态配比对黄河三角洲盐渍土区冬小麦幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of the Ratio of Different Nitrogen Fertilizers on Growth of Winter Wheat Seedling in Saline Soil in the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：文佩[1,2] 陈小兵 王佳宇[3] 张乐乐 刘新程 张立宾[5] 孙海栓 秦松 WEN Pei;CHEN Xiaobing;WANG Jiayu;ZHANG Lele;LIU Xincheng;ZHANG Libin;SUN Haishuan;QIN Song(Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yantai 264003,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;China Agricultural University（Yantai）,Yantai 264003,China;Yantai University,Yantai 264003,China;Dongying Institute of Scientific and Technical Information,Dongying 257091,China;Shandong Huibang Agricultural Development Limited Company,Dongying 257091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,山东烟台264003 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国农业大学(烟台),山东烟台264003 [4]烟台大学,山东烟台264003 [5]东营市科技情报研究所,山东东营257091 [6]山东省汇邦渤海农业开发有限公司,山东东营257091

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2018年第10期69-74,共6页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFD02003003);山东省重点研发计划项目(201CYJS05A01-1;2017CXGC0316);东营市重点研发计划项目(2016YF17)

摘　　要：【目的】了解外源施用氮素形态配比对黄河三角洲盐渍土区冬小麦幼苗生长的影响。【方法】以3种(0.90、1.90、2.90 g/kg)不同盐渍化程度的滨海盐土为对象,采用室内盆栽培养方法,探究在盐分胁迫下氮素形态配比(以N计,硝态氮、铵态氮质量比依次为100%∶0(N100A0)、75%∶25%(N75A25)、50%∶50%(N50A50)、25%∶75%(N25A75)、0∶100%(N0A100))对冬小麦幼苗生长的影响。【结果】(1)氮处理对冬小麦幼苗地上、地下部干质量影响极显著,其中N50A50处理冬小麦地上、地下部干质量最大。(2)各盐分水平下,NO_3^--N、NH_4^+-N质量比为75%∶25%能促进冬小麦叶绿素量增加,N50A50处理或N75A25处理有利于小麦幼苗可溶性糖量积累。(3)N50A50处理可显著增加冬小麦幼苗地上、地下部全氮量。【结论】综上所述,在0.90~2.90 g/kg盐度范围内,施用硝态氮和铵态氮的比例为50%∶50%或75%∶25%,有利于冬小麦在苗期更好地吸收氮素营养及积累糖分、叶绿素和干物质。【Objective】The aim of this paper was to investigate the effects of the ratio of different nitrogen fertilizers on growth of winter wheat seedling in saline soil in Yellow River Delta.【Method】Costal saline soils at three salinities were studied： 0.9 g/kg（S1）, 1.9 g/kg（S2） and 2.9 g/kg（S2）. The response of wheat seedlings grown in pots filled with these soils to different combinations of NO3^--N and NH4~＋-N was investigated. We considered five NO3^--N∶NH4~＋-N ratios： 100%∶0（N100 A0）, 75%∶25%（N75 A25）, 5%∶50%（N50 A50）, 25%∶75%（N25 A75）, and 0∶100%（N0 A100））.【Result】（1） Nitrogen had a significant impact on the dry mass of the aboveground and underground, the dry mass of the aboveground and underground of winter wheat of N50 A50 treatment was the largest.（2）Under different salt levels, NO3^--N∶NH4~＋-N was 75%∶25%, which could promote chlorophyll content of winter wheat, the chlorophyll and soluble sugar content of winter wheat were increased significantly at N75 A25 or N50 A50 treatment.（3） The shoot and root dry weight and total nitrogen content of winter wheat at seedling stages were significantly increased at N50 A50 treatment.【Conclusion】The optimal NO3^--N and NH4^＋-N ratio was 50%∶50% and 75%∶25% in terms of promoting nitrogen uptake by the plant and the accumulation of soluble sugar and chlorophyll, as well as the dry matter of the seedling.

关 键 词：氮素 盐胁迫 苗期 冬小麦 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]