不同运动负荷对老龄大鼠认知能力及海马组织VEGF/VEGI表达的影响  

Effects of different exercise loads on cognitive ability and expression of VEGF/VEGI in hippocampus of aged rats

作　　者：李静[1] 刘忠民[1] 李海军[2] 王永良 郑妍[1] Li Jing;Liu Zhongming;Li Haijun;Zheng Yan;Wang Yongliang(Physical Education College of Jilin University,Changchun 130021;Institute of Translational Medicine,the First Hospital Jilin University,Changchun 130021;5.Criminal Investigation Police University of China,Shenyang 110000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学体育学院,长春130021 [2]吉林大学第一医院转化医学院,长春130021 [3]中国刑事警察学院,沈阳110000

出　　处：《神经解剖学杂志》2018年第5期572-578,共7页Chinese Journal of Neuroanatomy

基　　金：吉林省科技厅自然科学基金(201215037)

摘　　要：目的:检测不同运动负荷对老龄大鼠认知能力的影响并探讨其可能的机制。方法:40只16月龄雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为4组:即对照组(不游泳)、小负荷组(游泳15 min)、中负荷组(游泳30 min)和大负荷组(游泳60 min)。各负荷组大鼠经8周无负重游泳训练后,进行八臂迷宫实验观察各组大鼠的行为学表现;运用实时定量PCR和免疫组化实验检测各组大鼠海马神经组织(VEGF)、血管内皮生长抑制因子(VEGI)的表达情况。结果:(1)与对照组相比,大负荷组大鼠的参考记忆错误次数和工作记忆错误次数均显著增多(P <0. 05,P <0.01);中负荷组大鼠各检测指标与对照组相比无统计学差异(P> 0. 05);小负荷组大鼠的工作记忆错误次数和觅食完成时间均显著降低(P <0. 05)。(2)与对照组相比,小负荷组大鼠海马组织VEGF mRNA和蛋白表达水平均显著上调(P <0. 01),VEGI mRNA和蛋白表达水平均显著下调(P <0. 05,P <0. 001);大负荷组大鼠海马组织VEGF mRNA和蛋白表达水平均显著下调(P <0. 01,P <0. 001),VEGI mRNA和蛋白表达水平均上调(P <0. 01,P <0. 001);中等负荷组大鼠海马神经组织VEGF和VEGI mRNA和蛋白的表达水平与对照组相比无统计学差异(P> 0. 05)。结论:小负荷运动有利于改善老龄大鼠的认知能力,中等负荷对此改变不大,而大负荷运动则对于老龄大鼠的认知能力具有损伤作用。其机制可能为小负荷运动能够上调老龄大鼠海马神经组织VEGF表达、下调VEGI表达,促进血管的新生,进而改善海马神经元的增殖;大负荷运动组则表现出了相反的影响趋势。Objective： Effects of different exercise loads on cognitive ability in aged rats and its mechanisms.Methods： Forty male Wistar rats aged 16 weeks were randomly divided into 4 groups： control group（ no swimming）,low load group（ 15 min swimming）,medium load group（ 30 min swimming） and high load group（ 60 min swimming）.After8 weeks no-weight swimming training in each load group,eight-arm maze test was performed to observe the behavioral performance of each group.Real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor（ VEGF） and vascular endothelial growth inhibitory factor（ VEGI） in hippocampal neurons in each group.Results：（ 1） Compared with control group,the number of reference memory errors and working memory errors in high load group increased significantly（ P〈0.05,P〈0.01）; There was no statistical significance in medium load group（ P〈0.05）.The number of working memory errors and the completion time of foraging in low load group weresignificantly decreased（ P〈0.05）.（ 2） Compared with control group,the expression of VEGF mRNA and protein in hippocampus of low load group were significantly up-regulated（ P〈0.01）,and the expression of VEGI mRNA and protein were significantly down-regulated（ P〈0.05,P〈0.001）.The expression of VEGF mRNA and protein in hippocampus of rats in high load group were significantly down-regulated（ P〈0.01,P〈0.001）,and the expression of VEGI mRNA and protein were up-regulated（ P〈0.01,P〈0.001）.The expression of VEGI and VEGF mRNA and protein in hippocampus of medium load group had no significantly differences（ P〈0.05）.Conclusion： Low load exercise is beneficial to improve the cognitive ability of aged rats.The medium load has little change,while the high load has a damaging effect.The mechanism may be that low load exercise can up-regulate the expression of VEGF and down-regulate VEGI in hippocampal neurons of aged rats,promote the

关 键 词：老龄大鼠 海马组织 认知能力 运动负荷 血管内皮生长因子 血管内皮抑制因子 

分 类 号：R338[医药卫生—人体生理学]