厚大铁矿体崩落法开采围岩移动规律研究  

Study on law of surrounding rock movement induced by mining large and thick ore body

作　　者：李腾[1,2] 付建新 宋卫东 LI Yeng;FU Jianxin;SONG Weidong(School of Civil and Environment Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Jiaojia Gold Mine,Shandong Gold Mine（Laizhou）Co Ltd,Yantai,Shandong 261400,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [2]山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司焦家金矿,山东烟台261400

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2018年第5期978-983,共6页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51374033);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(FRF-TP-17-025A2)

摘　　要：以程潮铁矿西区崩落法开采为工程背景,基于近8年的GPS监测数据、现场地表破坏情况及相似材料模拟实验,对矿区围岩的塌陷及移动规律进行了分析。研究表明,井下开采引起的地表移动具有延时性、移动角发展具有跳跃性等规律,开采引起的围岩移动分为采空区覆岩塌陷阶段及周边围岩向采空区的倾倒破坏阶段。第1阶段垂直应力起到了主导作用,表现为有规律的桶形垮落,第2阶段水平构造应力起主导作用,可采用悬臂梁的力学结构进行表述。根据围岩移动机理的分析,将程潮铁矿围岩移动分成垂直陷落区、倾倒滑移区、倾倒区、变形区、变形累积区、未扰动区等6个区域。本文的研究成果可为类似金属矿山崩落法开采的地表移动规律预测提供了理论依据。Taking the western district of Chengchao iron mine as the engineering background, based on the GPS monitoring data from last 8 years, records of the ground surface movement and similar material simulation experiments, the law of ground surrounding rock subsidence and movement is studied. The studies show that the surface movement caused by the underground mining has characteristics of time-delay and the displacement angle development has the law of jumping. The surrounding rock movement caused by mining is divided into 2 stages, which are the stage of overlying surrounding rock collapse and the collapse stage of surrounding rock in gob. In the first stage, the vertical stress plays a leading role and rock failure is shown as a regular barrel collapse. In the second stage, the horizontal tectonic stress plays a leading role and the collapse mechanism of rock surrounding rock can be explained using the cantilever beam theory. According to the mechanism of surrounding rock movement analyses, the surrounding rock movement of Chengchao iron mine is divided into six regions, which are the vertical subsidence zone, the toppling sliding zone, the dumping zone, the deformation zone, the cumulative deformation zone and the undisturbed zone. Results of this paper can provide a theoretical basis for the surface movement prediction due to caving mining in a metal mine.

关 键 词：厚大矿体 崩落法 围岩移动 塌陷 悬臂梁 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]