2014-2017年三亚市生活饮用水水质监测结果分析  

Monitoring results of drinking water quality in Sanya,2014-2017

作　　者：朱兰兰 ZHU Lan-lan(Sanya Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Sanya,Hainan 572000,China)

机构地区：[1]三亚市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生科,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2018年第19期3621-3624,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解三亚市近4年生活饮用水质卫生状况,为保障居民生活饮用水安全提供科学依据。方法按照GB/T5750-2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法》对生活饮用水进行采集检测和分析。结果 2014-2017年共检测水样1128份,合格率为87. 6%,其中丰水期合格率为84. 4%,枯水期合格率为90. 8%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=10. 569,P <0. 05);且城市饮用水总合格率为90. 0%,农村饮用水总合格率为81. 0%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=16. 536,P <0. 05)。四年间枯水期及丰水期的水样合格率,城市与农村的水样合格率,均无明显的趋势变化(趋势χ~2=0. 081,0. 810,1. 628,0. 237,P> 0. 05)。水质不合格项主要为细菌学指标为主,菌落总数不合格率为10. 99%,总大肠菌群为7. 98%。经过完全处理的水质,细菌学指标、化学性指标及消毒剂指标的合格率明显高于不完全处理的水质(χ~2=111. 435,222. 994,129. 388,P <0. 05)。结论三亚市近4年间生活饮用水卫生状况没有明显改观,细菌学指标是影响全市水质卫生的重要因素,应加强农村饮用水的监督管理,保障居民的饮水安全。Objective To understand the sanitary status of municipal drinking - water supplies in Sanya, and to provide scientific basis for ensuring the quality of drinking water and health in residents. Methods The drinking water was examined according to Standard Testing Methods for Drinking Water （GB/T5750 -2006 ） in Sanya, and the results were analyzed according to Drinking Water Health Standards （ GB5749 - 2006）. Results A total of 1128 water samples were tested in 2014 -2017 with a pass rate of 87.6%. The qualified rate of water samples in the wet season and the dry season were 84.4% and 90.8%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （ E2 = 10.569, P 〈 0.05 ）. Moreover, the qualified rate of drinking water in urban was 90.0%, which was significantly higher than that in rural （81.0%） （E2 = 16. 536, P 〈 0. 05 ）. There was no significant trend change during the water samples in the wet season and the dry season during the four years （ E2 = 0.081, 0.810, P〉0. 05）. The pass rate in urban and rural areas was the same （χ^2= 1.628, 0.237, P〉0. 05）. The water unqualified index was mainly bacterial index, and the unqualified rate of the total numbers of colony and the total coliforms were 10.99% and 7.98%, respectively. The qualified rate of bacteriological index, chemical index and disinfectant index of fully treated water was higher than that of incomplete treatment （E2= 111.435,222.994, 129.388, P 〈0.05）. Conclusion The quality of rural drinking water in Sanya has not been significantly improved in the past four years. Bacterial index is an important factor that affects the water quality hygiene. In order to ensure the safety of drinking water for residents, it is necessary to strengthen the supervision and management of drinking water in rural areas.

关 键 词：生活饮用水 水质监测 卫生现状 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]