基于功能基因芯片技术的高寒草甸土壤微生物功能基因研究  

Research on soil microbial functional genes in alpine meadow based on GeoChip technique

作　　者：卢慧[1,2] 赵珩[1] 盛玉钰 丛微 王秀磊[2] 李迪强[2] 张于光[2] LU Hui;ZHAO Heng;SHENG Yu-yu;CO-NG Wei;WANG Xiu-lei;LI Di-qiang;ZHANG Yu-guang(College of Life and Environment Sciences,Minzu University of China,Bei-ring 100081,China;Institute of Forest Ecology,Environment and Protection,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Key Laboratory of Biological Conservation of State Forestry Administration,Beijing 100091,China）.)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院,北京100081 [2]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所国家林业局生物多样性保护重点实验室,北京100091

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2018年第10期3031-3037,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370145和31670614);国家科技部自然保护区生物保本资源共享子平台项目(2005DKA21404)资助

摘　　要：土壤微生物是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,在生物地球化学循环和维持生态系统功能等方面发挥着极其重要的作用。研究青藏高原高寒草甸的土壤微生物功能基因及其主要影响因子,对了解青藏高原微生物的功能代谢潜力和预测青藏高原受全球变化的影响具有重要意义。本研究选择三江源地区高寒沼泽化草甸和高寒草甸这两种草甸类型土壤微生物为对象,利用微生物功能基因芯片(GeoChip4.0)技术开展微生物功能基因多样性研究。结果表明:两种草甸样地共检测到各类型功能基因45818个,涉及到16类微生物介导的关键生物过程;除趋势对应分析和不相似性检验结果均表明,不同草甸类型的微生物功能基因结构有明显差异;检测到土壤微生物参与的所有碳代谢过程和关键的氮循环过程,高寒沼泽化草甸比高寒草甸具有较高的碳降解相关功能基因和氮素基因丰度和代谢潜力,但两种草甸类型的土壤有机碳和全氮含量相对稳定;典范对应分析结果表明,土壤p H值和土壤含水量是影响微生物功能基因结构的主要因素。综上,本研究结果有助于了解环境变化对高寒草地生态系统结构和功能的影响,可为高寒草地生态系统的保护和管理提供科学依据。Soil microorganisms,an essential component of terrestrial ecosystems,play important roles in driving biogeochemical processes and maintaining ecosystem function. Studying soil microbial functional genes and their impact factors of alpine meadow in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau would help us understand the functional metabolic potential of soil microorganisms and provide valuable information for predicting the response of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to global changes. Here,soil microbial functional genes in alpine swamp meadow and alpine meadow at Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were analyzed using a functional gene array technique（ GeoChip 4.0）. A total of 45818 functional genes were detected in two meadows,involving 16 key microbial-mediated biological processes.The results of Detrended Correspondence Analysis（ DCA） and dissimilarity test showed significant differences in the microbial community structure between two types of meadow. All key carbon and nitrogen metabolism processes mediated by microorganisms were detected,among which,alpine swamp meadow had higher gene abundance and metabolic potential involved in carbon degradation and nitrogen cycling than alpine meadow,though soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents of two types of meadow were relatively stable. The results of Canonical Correspondence Analysis（ CCA） showed that soil pH and moisture were the main factors shaping the structure of microbial functional genes. In summary,our results will help us understand the impacts of environmental changes on the structure and function of alpine grasslands and provide scientific reference for their conservation and management.

关 键 词：土壤微生物群落 功能基因芯片 功能基因 高寒草甸 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]