基于GIS的水文生态空间数据库及管理系统研发  

Development of a Hydroecological Spatial Database and GIS-Based Management System

作　　者：徐斌[1,2] 张艳[3] XU Bin;ZHANG Yan(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Chang＇an University,Xi＇an 710054,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region,Ministry of Education,Chang＇an University,Xi＇an 710054,P.R.China;School of Earth Science and Resources,Chang＇an University,Xi＇an 710054,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,陕西西安710054 [2]长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [3]长安大学地球科学与资源学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2018年第5期7-12,共6页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：国家外专局和教育部项目-高等学校学科创新引智计划(B08039);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41273104);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(310829171005,310827171006,310829161010)

摘　　要：为了解决水文生态空间数据的海量存储、时空一体化管理问题,探讨GIS在自动化、标准化和可视化的数据管理与服务平台构建中的作用,提高水文生态空间数据管理、分析能力和工作效率。以干旱区新疆石河子垦区为例,针对基础空间数据和水文生态专题数据,从数据的分类组织、数据库系统的总体结构、建库技术流程和数据集成方法等方面,探讨了水文生态空间数据库的设计思想及关键技术,构建了基于ArcGIS Geodatabase的石河子垦区水文生态空间数据库。运用系统工程理论,对水文生态空间数据库管理系统的总体结构和系统功能进行了设计,开发了基于ArcGIS Engine的水文生态空间数据库管理系统,实现了水文生态空间数据的数据库管理、数据预处理、数据浏览、数据服务和安全维护功能,为干旱区水文生态及水安全评价提供了一体化的数据支撑服务平台。研究表明,通过构建以GIS为核心的水文生态空间数据库及管理系统,实现了水文生态研究中属性数据和空间数据自动化、标准化和可视化的海量存储和统一管理,增强了水文生态空间数据管理与分析能力,提高了水文生态研究的工作效率。A study was carried to solve the problem of mass storage and develop an integrated management system based on hydroecological spatiotemporal data.The role of GIS in automation,standardization,and visualization of data is discussed and a service platform was constructed to improve hydroecological spatial data management,analysis capabilities and efficiency.A typical arid reclamation area of Shihezi in Xinjiang,China was selected as the study area and gathering basic spatial data and hydroecological thematic data was the main objective.Aspects of data classification,the process of structuring the database,data integration methods,design concepts and hydroecological spatial database technology are discussed.The hydroecological spatial database for the Shihezi reclamation area was constructed using ArcGIS Geodatabase and a GIS database management system was developed based on the ArcGIS Engine.The overall structure and functionality of the hydroecological spatial database management system were designed using systematic engineering theory.Procedures for database management,data preprocessing,data browsing,data services and security for the hydroecological spatial database were put in place.The system provides an integrated data support platform for hydroecology and water safety assessment in arid areas.This development project demonstrates that building a hydroecological spatial database and developing a GISbased management system enhances hydroecological research and improves efficiency.

关 键 词：水文生态 空间数据库 地理信息系统 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]