便携式树木胸径测量系统的研制  

Developing portable system for measuring diameter at breast height

作　　者：孙林豪 方陆明 唐丽华 刘江俊 Sun Linhao;Fang Luming;Tang Lihua;LiuJIangjun(School of Information Engineering,Zhejiang A＆F University,Lin＇an 311300,Zhejiang,China;Research Center for Smart Agriculture and Forestry,Lin＇an 311300,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学信息工程学院,浙江临安311300 [2]林业智能监测与信息技术研究重点实验室,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2018年第9期82-89,共8页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：浙江省科技重点研发计划资助项目(2018C02013)

摘　　要：【目的】树木胸径为距根茎1.3 m处的树木直径,是森林调查最基本的因子之一。简便、快速、准确的测量与入库是森林调查追求的目标。为解决传统测量方法效率低、难以数字化及新产品成本高、便携性差、数据分析难以扩展等问题,急需研制集低成本、高精度、操作简便、耗时短等优点的便携式树木胸径测量系统。【方法】本文设计的便携式树木胸径测量系统,由嵌入式装置和上位机软件平台组成。嵌入式装置主要包含了绝对式编码器、无线通信模块、显示屏、按键和超声波传感器等元件;上位机软件平台由上位机、数据库、数据管理分析软件组成。测量时,首先在上位机设置好测量参数,按下开关1,启动超声波传感器测定离地的高度,当屏幕显示1.3米高度时,用编码器的拉绳绕树一周,按下开关2,测得胸径数据通过上位机上传到数据库。【结果】实验表明:系统胸径测量精度达99.97%,平均单株树耗时5.3 s,无需人工读取数据、手工录入数据和数据勘误,工作效率显著提升。【结论】本文的便携式树木胸径测量系统,在保证测量精度和效率的情况下,集测量、数据传输、存储、分析等功能于一体,实现了嵌入式、移动端、数据库、Web端的多平台联动,同时为胸径渐变生长持续感知与分析研究奠定了良好的基础。[ Objective l Diameter at breast height （DBH）, also called tree stem diameter, is one of many critical tree descriptors. Studying on the portable, fast and accurate tree diameter method for forestry application becomes the research focus. To solve these problems of low efficiency and low degree of digital in traditional measurement method and high cost, poor portability, difficult expansion data analysis in recent years of new products, we need to develop a portable system for measuring DBH, which has advantages of low cost, high precision, simple operation, short time consuming and functions of measurement, data upload, query, management, statistics analysis. [ Method ] In this paper, we designed a system of measuring tree diameter which was mainly composed of embedded device and software platform. The embedded device included absolute encoder, wireless communication module, display screen, keyboard and ultrasonic sensor. And the platform included upper computer software,database and data management analysis software. When measurement started, the first step was to set measurement parameters and press the switch 1 to start the ultrasonic sensor to determine the height of the ground. When the screen display showed 1.3 meters high, the second step was to use the encoder to pull on the rope around the tree and then press switch 2. In the end, the upper computer software uploaded the data of DBH measured to the database, and then data management analysis software provided data query, statistics and analysis in a Web environment. [ Result] The experimental results showed that the measurement accuracy of the system was 99.97% , and the average single tree took 5.3 seconds, without the manual reading data, manual input data and data correction, and the work efficiency was significantly improved. [ Conelusions] In this paper, the portable system for measuring DBH, which has height measurement precision and efficiency, has the functions of data transmission, storage and analysis, realizes the multi-platform linkage o

关 键 词：树木胸径 绝对式光电编码器 嵌入式装置 上位机软件平台 

分 类 号：S758.5[农业科学—森林经理学]