獐岛和大鹿岛近岸海域悬沙浓度分布与输运特征  

The Characteristics of Suspended Sediment Concentration and Movement of Local Marine Environment of Zhangdao Island and Daludao Island

作　　者：张云[1] 张笑[1] 龚艳君[1] 孔重人[1] 雷利元[1] 刘明[1] ZHANG Yun;ZHANG Xiao;GONG Yanjun;KONG Zhongren;LEI Liyuan;LIU Ming(Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院,大连116023

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2018年第10期72-78,83,共8页Ocean Development and Management

基　　金：国家海洋局资助项目"辽宁省獐岛整治修复及保护"和"辽宁省大鹿岛整治修复及保护"

摘　　要：为了解獐岛和大鹿岛近岸海域悬沙浓度的分布特征及其与潮流动力的关系,促进海岛生态环境保护和资源开发利用,文章通过样品采集和分析计算,研究相关海域悬沙浓度的平面和垂直分布特征、潮流场分布特征、悬沙浓度与潮流的动力关系以及全潮单宽输沙量。研究结果表明:大、小潮期的悬沙浓度均存在较明显的水平梯度,同一层水体大潮期的悬沙浓度大于小潮期;悬沙浓度呈近岸较高、向海逐渐降低的分布状态;悬沙浓度与海水涨落变化的关系非常密切,具有明显的周期性,垂直分布从表层到底层逐渐变大,垂直梯度近岸海域较大、远岸海域较小;涨潮流的流速明显大于落潮流,潮流运动形式按逆时针方向旋转,主流向大致呈NNE-SSW走向;远岸站位各层潮流流速的平均值略大于近岸站位,同一站位的潮流流速随水深的增加而有所降低;潮流变化使悬沙浓度出现周期性变化,悬沙浓度峰值出现在流速峰值后,且在落潮期更大;全潮单宽输沙量在大潮期和小潮期分别为151.7～1 017.9kg/d和146.3～931.9kg/d,净输沙方向均为西南向,即落潮方向。In order to understand the distribution characteristics of suspended sediment concentra tion（SSC）in the local marine environment of Zhangdao island and Daludao island,and their rela- tionship with tidal current dynamics,also promote the protection of island ecological environment and development and utilization of island resources, sample collection, analysis and calculation were used to study the plane and vertical the distribution characteristics of SSC, the distribution characteristics of tidal current field, the dynamic relationship between SSC and tidal current, the sediment discharge per unit width of whole tidal in this paper.The results showed that, there were obvious horizontal gradients of SSC during the period of spring tide and neap tide.The SSC of the same layer during the spring tide was higher than that of the neap tide. The SSC was relatively high in coastal ocean and decreased in the offshore area.The SSC was closely related to the fluctu- ation of ocean and had obvious periodicity, the vertical distribution increased from the surface to the bottom,the vertical gradient was larger in coastal ocean and smaller in the offshore area.The velocity in flood current was obviously larger than that in ebb current, the tidal current was main- ly the rotary current and rotate in the counter clockwise direction,and the main direction was ap- proximately NNE to SSW. The average current velocity at coastal ocean stations were slightly higher than that at the offshore area stations, and the current velocity at the same station de- creased with the increase of water depth. The SSC varied periodically with the tidal current, the maximum SSC appeared after the maximum velocity and bigger at ebb tide. The sediment dis charge per unit width of whole tidal was 151.7-1 017.9 kg/（ m · d） during the period of spring tide and 146.3-931.9 kg/（m · d）during the period of neap tide, the direction of net sediment transport was south-west ,which was the same to the direction of ebb tide.

关 键 词：悬沙浓度 海水动力 潮流 泥沙输运 海岛环境 

分 类 号：P736.21[天文地球—海洋地质] P76[天文地球—海洋科学]