断根时间和半径对菊芋农艺性状和各器官生物量的影响  

The Influence of Cutting Root Time and Radius on Agronomic Traits and Biomass of Helianthus tuberosus

作　　者：高凯[1] 朱铁霞[1] 王琳[1] 高阳[1] GAO Kai;ZHU Tie-xia;WANG Lin;GAO Yang(Research Center of Forage Crops Engineering Technology in Inner Mongolia,Agricultural College,Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities,Tongliao 028043,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学农学院内蒙古自治区饲用作物工程技术研究中心,内蒙古通辽028043

出　　处：《内蒙古民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第4期343-349,共7页Journal of Inner Mongolia Minzu University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560672);内蒙古科技英才项目(NJYT15B17);内蒙古自治区青年创新拔尖人才项目(2015QNCXRCO2);内蒙古自治区草原英才项目(第七批)

摘　　要：本试验采用极度稀植法(株距×行距:2.0 m×2.0 m)种植菊芋,通过在50苗龄、65苗龄、80苗龄、95苗龄、115苗龄等5个时间节点,以各时间节点菊芋水平根系实际长度(H)为标准,分别去掉水平根系总长度的1/5 H、1/4 H、1/3 H、1/2H和不断根等5个处理,对断根后菊芋块茎茎秆、叶片、根茎等各器官的测定和根冠比、茎叶比等比值的计算和分析,探讨断根对块茎、茎秆、叶片等器官生物量和相关比值的影响,从断根后块茎、茎秆、叶片等器官生物量和茎叶比、根冠比等相关比值的变化角度阐明断根提高菊芋块茎生物产量的机制.结果表明:断根时间对茎秆生物量、叶片生物量、块茎生物量、主根生物量、地下生物量、茎叶比具有极显著影响(P<0.01);断根半径对花生物量影响显著(P<0.05),对茎秆生物量、叶片生物量、侧根生物量、块茎生物量、主根生物量、根茎生物量、地下生物量、地上生物量、茎叶比、根冠比影响极显著;随断根时间延迟地下生物量、根生物量、侧根生物量、根茎生物量、花生物量、根冠比呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势块茎和茎秆呈现逐渐升高的变化趋势,茎叶比呈现逐渐增加的变化趋势;不同断根半径条件下地下生物量、总生物量、茎叶比、根冠比以及侧根、根茎、块茎、茎秆生物量均高于对照,叶片和侧枝生物量对照高于处理;茎叶比随断根半径增加呈现先降低后增加的变化趋势,而根冠比逐渐增加的变化趋势.The influence of cutting time and radius on Jerusalem artichokes planted with extremely sparse spacingsplant×row：2.0 m×2.0 m）was determined. Cutting roots were done at the 50（T1）,65（T2）,80（T3）,95（T4）,and 115（T5）,seeding ages based on the actual root length（H）. Five cutting root radiuses（1/5H,1/4H,1/3H,1/2H,and no cutting）were removed from the total root length of horizontal roots. Measurements were taken of stem,leaf,rhizome,ratio of root to shoot,ratio of stem to leaf,and ratio of stem to leaf. The ratio of stem to leaf was calculated and analyzed,and the ratio of root cutting to tuber was discussed. The effect of biomass and relative ratio of stem,leaf and other organs on the biomass of tuber,stem and leaf,ratio of stem to leaf,ratio of root to shoot,after root cutting were used to explain the mechanism of root cutting to increase the yield of tuber of Jerusalem artichoke. There was a significant influence of cutting root time on stem biomass,leaf biomass,tuberbiomass,main root biomass,underground biomass and stem/leaf ratio（P〈0.01）;And there was an influence of cutting root radius on flower biomass（P〈0.05）,and a remarkable influence on stem biomass,leaf biomass,branchroot biomass,tuber biomass,main root biomass,rhizome biomass,underground biomass,aboveground biomass,stem/leaf ratio and root/shoot biomass. The value of underground biomass,root biomass,branch root biomass,rhizome biomass,flower biomass and root/shoot ratio first increased and then decreased with root cutting time delay. Tubers and stems showed an increasing trend of change,and stem/leaf ratio increased gradually. Theunderground biomass,total biomass,stem/leaf ratio,root/shoot ratio,branch root biomass,rhizome biomass,tuberbiomass and stem biomass under different cutting root radius conditions were all higher than control（no cuttingroot）,and leaf and branch biomass of control were higher than treatments. The stem/leaf ratio first decreased and then increased with cutting root radius increased,and

关 键 词：菊芋 断根 生物量 断根半径 断根时间 

分 类 号：S632.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]