说“无比”  

Rethinking of “Wubi(无比)”

作　　者：萧红 Xiao Hong(College of Chinese Language and Literature,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学文学院中国语言地理研究中心,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《长江学术》2018年第3期112-121,共10页Yangtze River Academic

摘　　要：对学界已有对"无比"性质及其演变动因的研究进行重新审视发现:首先,按照袁毓林《汉语词类划分手册》为"无比"的功能赋值,现代汉语的"无比"属于不太典型的修饰词和副词,与动词、形容词无涉,最好看作是修饰词。其次,"无比"在其演变为修饰词的过程中表现出与其它否定比较词不同的特点。"无比"结构来源复杂,完整的发展阶段应包括(1)"无所比"中"所"脱落,形成"无比1";(2)由"无所比"替换为"无+(NP+比)",NP是代词或名词;(3)"无+(NP+比)"中主要成分缺省导致结构紧缩而形成新的"无比2"。In this paper, the research on the quality of＂Wubi（无比）＂and the cause of its evolution has been reexamined：First, according to Yuan Yulin＇s Manual on Division of Chinese Word Categories（Hanyu Cilei Huafen Shouce）, assign value to functions of＂Wubi＂. This article holds that modern Chinese＂Wubi＂is a relatively atypical modifier or adverb,without involved verbs or adjectives, and had better be regarded as a modifier. Second,＂Wubi＂, in the process of evolving into a modifier, shows different characteristics with other privative comparative word, such as changes in types of comparative semantic, changes in relationships of internal structure, etc.＂Wubi＂which represents superlative comparison, has undergone a process of analogy, abbreviation, and grammaticalization, and it is from type A and type B gradually developed to type C and type D. The general trend is that the degree of grammaticalization of＂Wubi＂become increasingly high.There are advantageous chances and many obstacles in the process of development of＂Wubi＂, and the wrestling between them generate the complexity of＂Wubi＂in modern Chinese.

关 键 词：无比 非典型修饰词 否定比较 语序 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]