有机污染海水对硅藻土预涂动态超滤膜通量及清洗的影响  

Effects of Organic Pollutants in Seawater on Diatomite Precoated Dynamic UF Membrane Flux and Membrane Cleaning

作　　者：王勋亮 王文华 薛喜东 谢宝龙 马晓蕾 赵瑾 马宇辉 曹军瑞 Wang Xunliang;Wang Wenhua;Xue Xidong;Xie Baolong;Ma Xiaolei;Zhao Jin;Ma Yuhui;Cao Junrui(Tianjin Institute of Seawater Desalination and Multipurpose Utilization,State Oceanic Administration,Tianjin 300192,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所,天津300192

出　　处：《净水技术》2018年第10期84-89,共6页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(K-JBYWF-2018-QR02;K-JBYWF-2016-T8;K-JBYWF-2017-G11;K-JBYWF-2017-G12);天津市"十三五"海洋经济创新发展示范项目(BHSF2017-20)

摘　　要：膜的有机污染严重制约着超滤在海水预处理中的应用。通过硅藻土预涂覆强化超滤去除海水中有机物的试验,对比分析了硅藻土预涂覆和直接超滤海水后的膜通量变化。结果表明,硅藻土在膜面形成的滤饼层能够有效避免有机物与膜的直接接触,降低膜的有机物污染程度。利用三维荧光光谱(3D-EEM)及原子力显微镜(AFM)考察了受污染动态膜经HCl、NaOH、NaClO、超声及纯水这5种清洗处理后清洗液组成及膜面形貌变化。清洗效果由高到低依次为NaOH、NaClO、超声、HCl及纯水,膜通量恢复率分别为96.3%、89.2%、72.4%、50.8%和44.1%,NaOH及NaClO可有效去除膜面集聚的类蛋白及腐植酸类有机物。Application of ultrafiltration（UF） in seawater pretreatment is considerably restricted by menlbrane contanfination of organic matter. Using dynanfie menlbranes preeoated with diatonfite to enhance organic matter rejection in seawater by UF was studied. The variation of menlbrane flux was compared between UF menlbrane and diatonfite prceoated dynanfie membrane filtration. The results showed that diatonfite cake structure formed on membrane surface prevented direct touching of membrane and organic contaminants, alleviating the pollution of the membrane. The polluted UF membranes were rinsed by HCl, NaOH, NaClO, ultrasonic and deionized water, re- spectively. The composition of cleaning solution and variation of surface morphology were investigated by three-dimensional excitation-emission malrix speclroscopy（3D-EEM） and atomic force microscope （AFM）. Recovery ratio d membrane flux was 96. 3% （NaOH）, 89.2% （ NaClO）, 72. 4% （ ultrasonic）, 50. 8% （HC1） and 44.1% （ deionized water）, respectively. In addition, NaOH and NaClO could effectively remove albuminoid and humie acid substances adhering to membrane.

关 键 词：膜清洗 预涂动态膜 海水 超滤 

分 类 号：TU991.27[建筑科学—市政工程]