反馈脉冲棘轮的能量转化效率研究  

Energy conversion efficiency of feedback pulsing ratchet

作　　者：延明月 张旭[1] 刘晨昊 黄仁忠[1] 高天附[1] 郑志刚[2] Yan Ming-Yue;Zhang Xu;Liu Chen-Hao;Huang Ren-Zhong;Gao Tian-Fu;Zheng Zhi-Gang(College of Physical Science and Technology,Shenyang Normal University Shenyang 110034,China;College of Information Science and Engineering,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学物理科学与技术学院,沈阳110034 [2]华侨大学信息科学与工程学院,厦门361021

出　　处：《物理学报》2018年第19期68-75,共8页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:11475022;11347003);高等学校热力学与统计物理课程教学研究项目;辽宁省自然科学基金(批准号:20180550149);华侨大学科研启动费项目资助的课题~~

摘　　要：研究了反馈脉冲棘轮的定向输运及能量转化效率.详细讨论了弹簧自由长度、耦合强度及脉冲相位等参量对耦合布朗粒子定向输运性能的影响.研究发现,一定自由长度和耦合强度都能促进反馈脉冲棘轮的定向输运,并能使耦合粒子拖动负载做功时的能量转化效率达到最大.此外,通过调节脉冲相位能使反馈棘轮在一个演化周期内获得两次流反转,且合适的相位还能增强反馈棘轮的定向输运.所得结论不仅可为实验上设计合适的反馈脉冲作用来优化棘轮的定向输运性能,而且还能为生物医疗上药物的精准投放提供一定的理论参考.Biomolecular motors are a big family of protein, and play a very important role in transporting the organelles within cells. They can also convert chemical energy into mechanical energy. In order to study the dynamic mechanism of molecular motors in depth, a great many of Brownian ratchet models such as double-temperature ratchet, feedback control ratchet, and hand-over-hand ratchet have been proposed. By investigating different kinds of ratchets, it is better to comprehend the directed transport of Brownian particles and obtain an insight into the transport process in biomedicine. Especially, the investigation of Brownian ratchets can also be used for improving the accurate drug delivery and effectively utilizing the medicine.Until now, the directed transport of ratchet has aoused the interest of researchers. It is found that a certain driving phase can lead to the current reversal of the underdamped ratchets in theory. A large number of experiments have shown that most of the biomolecular motors in cells are enzyme protein macromolecules and they can carry the ＂cargos＂ to implement the directed transport. Interestingly, molecular motors have high efficiency usually, and some of them can even reach an efficiency close to 100% in experiment. Nevertheless, it is found that the energy conversion of Brownian motors is low as indicated by calculating the rate between the effective work of particles and the input energy of ratchets.According to a comparison between the experimental results and theoretical analyses, it is well known that the efficiency of ratchets is still far from the actual motor efficiency measured experimentally. Therefore, how to increase the efficiency of molecular motor which is pulled by loads is still a very important research topic. Owing to the fact that the molecular motors are influenced by the cellular environment during the hydrolysis of ATP in the organism, the catalytic cycles of the coupled motor proteins are out of phase. This gives us an inspiration for establishing the correspo

关 键 词：反馈脉冲棘轮 几率流 能量转化效率 流反转 

分 类 号：Q61[生物学—生物物理学]