收入不平等会扩大家庭教育消费吗?——基于CFPS 2014数据的实证分析  

Will the Income Disparity Increase the Family's Educational Consumption? An Empirical Analysis Based on CFPS 2014 Data

作　　者：吴玲萍 徐超[2] 曹阳 Wu Lingping;Xu Chao;Cao Yang(School of Humanities,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China;School of Public Finance and Taxation,Nanjing University of Finance and Economics,Jiangsu Nanjing 210023,China;Department of Business Administration,Henan Finance University,Henan Zhengzhou 451464,China)

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学人文学院,上海200433 [2]南京财经大学财政与税务学院,江苏南京210023 [3]河南财政金融学院工商管理系,河南郑州451464

出　　处：《上海财经大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第5期100-111,共12页Journal of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics

摘　　要：教育是促进社会阶层合理流动的阶梯。在收入不均衡情况下,低收入家庭有强烈的动机通过加大教育投入来实现收入阶层的改善。文章采用CFPS2014微观调查数据,实证检验了收入差距对家庭教育消费的激励效应。结果表明,收入差距对家庭教育消费产生了显著的促进作用,但这一作用在不同组别呈现异质性:(1)收入差距对教育消费的影响在低收入家庭组显著,在高收入家庭组则不显著;(2)在有成员就读高中及以下教育层级的家庭组显著,在其他家庭组则不显著。在排除了消费的示范效应、克服了因忽视政府质量而导致的内生性偏误以及更换收入差距测度指标后,结果依旧稳健。研究表明,在教育机会平等化前提下,家庭会通过教育消费决策来实现收入阶层的改善。此外,将收入差距控制在合理范围内是规避居民"因教致贫"和"因教返贫"风险的重要手段。Education is a ladder to promote the rational flow of social classes. In the case of uneven income,low-income families have a strong incentive to improve their income class by increasing their investment in education. Using CFPS2014 micro-survey data,this paper empirically tests the incentive effect of the income gap on family education consumption. The basic regression results show that the income gap has a significant role in promoting family education consumption. Specifically,for every 1 percentage point increase in the Gini coefficient which represents the income gap,family education consumption trend will increase by 1.359 percentage points. The heterogeneity analysis shows that,for families with different characteristics,there is obvious heterogeneity in the influence of the income gap on family education consumption. First,all samples are divided into high-income family groups and low-income family groups according to the average per capita household income. The results show that the influence of the income gap on family education consumption is significant in low-income families and not significant in high-income families. Second,all samples are divided into groups with families attending high school and other family groups according to the school hierarchy that family members attend. The results show that the influence of the income gap on household education consumption is significant in families with members attending senior high school and below the education level,but not significant in other family groups. In order to ensure the credibility of the basic regression conclusions,we also conduct a series of robustness tests,including eliminating＂demonstration effects＂ of the consumption,overcoming endogenous biases caused by the neglect of government quality,changing measurement of the income gap,and so on. The results are still steady. The conclusions of this paper expand the explanation scope of the continuous increase of education consumption in China,and also have important policy reference val

关 键 词：收入差距 家庭教育消费 收入地位 阶层流动 

分 类 号：F063.2[经济管理—政治经济学]