自动售水机出水水质影响因素分析与控制对策  

Analysis on Factors Influencing the Water Quality from Water Vending Machine and Control Strategies

作　　者：陆凯 王睿[2] 高青 王宁 冯宝佳[2] 刘洪亮 LU Kai1;WANG Rui2;GAO Qing1;WANG Ning1;FENG Baojia2;LIU Hongliang1

机构地区：[1]天津市卫生计生综合监督所 [2]天津市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2018年第4期294-298,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：天津市卫生计生综合监督技术进步项目基金(TJHIJS2016-001)

摘　　要：目的了解天津市自动售水机(简称制水机)出水水质的主要影响因素并提出控制对策。方法 2014年和2017年单纯随机抽取151台制水机,对设备使用情况及水质指标进行调查分析。结果对151台制水机维护周期进行分析发现,2017年设备维护周期、滤芯更换时间均短于2014年(设备维护周期:χ~2=22.10,P<0.05;滤芯更换时间:χ~2=98.73,P<0.05)。对其中单纯随机抽取的86台制水机进行出水水质检验发现,2014年与2017年出水水质结果总合格率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=2.4,P=0.12)。进行多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,消毒设施不正常使用的危险度为46.499,95%CI为6.02~359.48。结论应加强制水机的卫生监督管理,对制水机消毒设施使用情况定期检测,及时更换滤芯,保障饮水卫生安全。Objectives To investigate the hygienic sanitary of water from water vending machines in Tianjin and to put forward countermeasures. Methods A total of 151 sets of water vending machine were selected by simple random sampling method in 2014 and 2017 to analyze the usage of the machines and waterquality index. Results Comparing the maintenance in 2014 and 2017,the maintenance cycle and the interval of changing filter material in 2017 were shorter than that in 2014（ the maintenance cycle： χ~2= 22. 10,P〈0. 05; the latest update： χ~2= 98. 73,P〈0. 05）. Water-quality examinations,carried out in 86 water samples by random sampling in 2014 and 2017,and there was no signiticant difference（ χ~2= 2. 4,P =0. 12）. An unconditioned multi-logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of abnormal use of disinfection facilities was OR = 46. 499（ 95 % CI 6. 02 ~ 359. 48）. Conclusions Health inspection on water vending machines should be forced to carry out regularly,examination of water quality and replacing filter material should be on time to ensure water quality.

关 键 词：现制现售水 水质现状 卫生监督管理 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]