2015年锑污染广元市水源水应对措施及效果分析  

Analytical Investigation on Countermeasures and Effect of Source Water Contamination with Antimony in Guangyuan City in 2015

作　　者：朱鸿斌[1] 毛素玲[1] 李波[2] 秦岭[1] 王艳[1] 杨晓松[3] ZHU Hongbin1;MAO Suling1;LI Bo2;QIN Ling1;WANG Yan1;YANG Xiaosong3

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心 [2]广元市疾病预防控制中心 [3]成都市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2018年第4期355-358,363,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

摘　　要：目的 2015年12月嘉陵江水源水受到上游某锑矿事故性污染,为了解广元市饮用水水源污染情况,开展应急监测,采取应对措施,消减健康危害,并对突发水污染应对措施效果进行分析研究,优化应对策略。方法制定应急监测方案,采用现场调查及实验室检测相结合进行分析。结果应急监测发现,进入广元市水源水取水口锑污染水最高值为0.019 3 mg/L,研究形成三项应对措施,保障广元市人民饮水安全:控制上游污染源的排放;启用应急供水水源与嘉陵江水源水混合,降低水源水的锑浓度,监测发现稀释后锑浓度最高下降率为59.6%;改进水处理工艺,降低锑浓度,监测数据表明水源水锑含量0.015 3 mg/L时可以通过新工艺降低至0.001 3 mg/L,新工艺处置后的出厂水锑浓度显著低于水源水(t=7.039,P<0.001)。结论通过现场调查和应急监测查明了锑污染来源和污染浓度,对应急监测数据汇总、统计,对污染趋势分析预测,全面掌握水质卫生状况,采取应对措施并及时分析有效性,控制了污染。Objectives In December 2015,the source of drinking water in Guangyuan city was contaminated with antimony in the upper stream of Jialing River. In order to understand the situation of contamination,the authes carried out emergency monitoring and take measures to reduce health hazards. Methods Making emergency monitoring plan,conducting field investigation and laboratory examination. Results The results of emergency monitoring found that the highest value of antimony in the contaminated raw water in Guangyuan was 0. 019 3 mg/L.Three measures were taken to ensure the safety of drinking water in Guangyuan. To control the discharge of antimony from contaminated upstream source; to combine the water source for emergency with that discharge from Jialing River to reduce antimony concentration in drinking water. It found that the maximum rate to decrease antimony concentration after dilution was 59. 6%; and to improve the water treatment process to reduce the concentration of the metal. The result of monitoring data indicated that the level of antimony could be reduced 0. 015 3 mg/L to 0. 001 3 mg/L by these processes. The level of antimony in the tap water after treatment was significantly lower than that in the source water（ t = 7. 039,P〈0. 001）. Conclusions The source of contamination and the level of antimony were identified through the field investigation and emergency monitoring. By way of the summary and statistics of emergency monitoring data,as wellas analysis and prediction of contamination trend,the sanitary condition and quality of water were grasped in an all-round way. Toke the emergent measures and analyzed the effectiveness in time,the contamination was controlled.

关 键 词：锑 污染 水源 应急监测 应对措施 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]