一家三甲医院输血不良反应的回顾性评估  

A retrospective analysis of transfusion adverse reaction in a tertiary hospital

作　　者：赵小燕[1] 贺小艳[1] 粟兵[1] 双滟琦[1] 陈龙[1] 肖潇[1] 邓文斌[1] ZHAO Xiaoyan;HE Xiaoyan;SU Bing;SHUANG Yanqi;CHEN Long;XIAO Xiao;DENG Wenbin(Mianyang Central Hospital of Sichnan,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省绵阳市中心医院

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2018年第7期773-775,共3页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的回顾性分析本院输血引起输血不良反应的发生情况和原因,分析其分布特点保障临床输血的安全性和有效性。方法回顾本院2015—2017年所有输血不良反应的相关记录,统计分析输血不良反应的情况和分布特征。结果 49 212人次输血患者中,发生不良反应339人次,总输血不良反应发生率为0. 69%,且呈现逐年下降趋势,其中过敏不良反应最高,占0. 43%。血液成分输注不良反应发生率以血小板类最高,占2. 75%,红细胞类最低,占0. 86%。其中都以过敏不良反应占比最高。临床科室中以血液内科和消化内科发生输血不良反应例数最多,分别占输血反应总数的41%和13. 67%。其主要疾病为白血病和消化道出血。结论本院输血不良反应发生率逐年下降,导致输血不良反应以过敏反应为主,成分输血以血小板发生率最高。临床医务人员应严格掌握输血指征和适应症,降低输血反应,从而保证临床输血的安全性和有效性。Objective To analyze and explore the causes and distribution of transfusion adverse reaction（ TAR） for TAR reduction purposes and to ensure the transfusion safety. Methods Reports of clinical TAR recorded during 2015 to2017 were collected. Statistics analysis was performed to reflect the characteristics of TAR. Results Since 2015,the overall incidence of the hospital blood transfusion reactions was 0. 69% with a decline trend year by year. The incidence of allergic reaction was the highest at 0. 43%. Platelets was the highest blood component causing TAR at 2. 75% while the lowest was red blood cells at 0. 86%. Allergic reaction ranked first for all blood components. The amounts of TARs in departments of Hematological and Gastroenterology account for 41% and 13. 67% respectively. Most of the ATRs in patients developed into leukemia and gastrointestinal bleeding. Conclusion TARs in our hospital declined year by year. The main TAR was allergic reaction. Among various types of blood components,the highest frequency of TARs was caused by platelets. Clinical medical workers should strictly follow transfusion indications and reduce TARs to guarantee and improve the safety and effectiveness of transfusion.

关 键 词：输血不良反应 临床输血 过敏反应 血液成分 

分 类 号：R457.13[医药卫生—治疗学]