谈压力容器螺栓法兰连接中螺栓预紧力的理解和应用  

Understanding and Application of Pre-tightening Load of Bolts in Bolted Flange Connection

作　　者：蒋小文[1] 冯少华[1] Jiang Xiaowen;Feng Shaohua(China HuanQiu Contracting ＆ Engineering Corporation,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国寰球工程公司,北京100029

出　　处：《化工设备与管道》2018年第4期10-17,共8页Process Equipment & Piping

基　　金：中国寰球工程公司技术开发项目:一种带纵向隔板的折流杆换热器国产化设计(60037)

摘　　要：螺栓法兰连接是目前石油化工设备中应用极为广泛的一种可拆静密封连接结构,其主要失效形式是泄漏。螺栓的正确预紧是保证连接面不发生泄漏的重要环节之一。对压力容器螺栓法兰连接中螺栓的预紧方式、预紧顺序以及螺栓预紧力的确定及控制方法进行了比较详尽的介绍。同时提出了一种将压力及温度加载过程考虑在内的螺栓预紧力确定方法,并以一台高压换热器、一台中压换热器和一台低压容器设备法兰连接副为例,对不同螺栓预紧力的确定方法进行了比较和分析,推荐了适合于工程应用的螺栓预紧力确定方法。旨在为广大的工程技术人员更好地理解和应用螺栓预紧,从而为提高压力容器螺栓法兰接头设计的可靠性及密封效果提供有益的参考。Bolted flange connection is one kind of dismountable static deal structure which is widely used in petrochemical equipment, and leakage is its main failure. Correct pre-tightening is one of important steps to protecting the leaks occurred in connecting faces. In this article, the pre-tightening methods, procedure and the bolt load in assembly of bolted flange joint were introduced in detail. Besides, one method of determining pre-tightening bolt load, in which pressure and temperature loading processes are taken into consideration, was presented. Exampled with the flanged joints in a high pressure heat exchanger, a medium pressure heat exchanger and a low pressure vessel, different methods of determining pre-tightening bolt loads were compared and analyzed. With what mentioned herein, it is hopeful that correct pre-tightening of flange bolt may be more understood and applied and the methods provided in this article may be referenced for enhancing the reliability of flanged connection.

关 键 词：螺栓法兰连接 螺栓 预紧力 上紧 密封 

分 类 号：TQ055.8[化学工程] TH131.3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]