拉萨社区藏族居民高血压患病情况与不同饮食习惯相关性研究  

Correlation Analysis between Hypertension Prevalence and Diet Habits among Tibetan Residents in Lhasa Community

作　　者：谭智文[1] 熊海[2] 杨丽君[1] 普布次仁[1] 黄凤雪 白玛扎西 董海[1] Tan Zhiwen;Xiong Hai;Yang Lijun;PUBU-CiRen;Hang Fengxue;BAIMA-ZhaXi;Dong Hai(Medical college,Tibet University,Lhasa,Tibet 850000,China;West China Fourth Teaching Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏大学医学院,拉萨850000 [2]四川大学华西第四医院,成都610041

出　　处：《成都医学院学报》2018年第5期568-572,共5页Journal of Chengdu Medical College

基　　金：国家大学生创新训练项目(No:201610694018);西藏自治区自然科学基金(No:2016ZR-TU-06);西藏大学珠峰学者-杰出青年学者项目资助

摘　　要：目的探讨拉萨社区藏族居民高血压患病的重要危险因素以及居民饮食习惯与高血压疾病的相关性,为该地区高血压的防治提供相应理论依据。方法 2016年4—8月,在拉萨市两个社区通过分层定点抽样,抽取参与全民体检人数的10%,同时获取体格检查与生化指标检测资料,并进行问卷调查,了解饮食生活习惯等,通过多因素回归等方法分析高血压的重要影响因素。在此基础上进一步对饮食结构进行分层分析,着重考查饮食习惯与高血压风险的相关性。结果共收集351名藏族社区居民的相关资料,其中高血压患者为120名,患病率34.19%。结合单因素2分析及多因素回归分析结果显示,体重指数(BMI)、血胆固醇、工作压力、吸烟、生活规律和教育程度是拉萨市藏族社区居民高血压患病的重要影响因素。进一步考查饮食习惯发现,高盐、高糖、高脂等非健康饮食习惯是高血压患病危险因素,而蔬菜、水果为保护性因素,不同饮食习惯组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论在拉萨藏族社区居民高血压发病的影响因素中,良好的健康饮食习惯是藏族社区居民重要的独立保护因素。Objectives To explore the important risk factors of hypertension in Tibetan residents in Lhasa community and the correlation between eating habits and hypertension incidence to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of hypertension in this area. Methods In two communities of Lhasa, 10% participants of the entire residents who underwent health examinations from April to August in 2016 were enrolled by fixed-point stratified sampling method.The data of questionnaire survey and biochemical indicator of the enrolled 351 residents were collected to analyze the relationship between hypertension prevalence and related affecting factors using multiple regression model. Stratified analysis on the diet structure was further carried out to emphatically examine the relevance between dietary habit and the risk factors for hypertension. Results Among 351 Tibetan residents, 120 of them were dignosed with hypertension,with a indidence rate of 34.19%. The single factor analysis and multivariate regression combined analysis revealed that body mass index（BMI） , blood cholesterol levles , work pressure, smoking , life custom and educational level are important influencing factors of hypertension among residents in Lhasa Tibetan （OR=0.220, 0.525, 8.391, 2.619, 1.679 and 1.987）. In terms of dietary habits ,high salt, high sugar, high fat are risk factors for hypertension, and sufficient intake of vegetables and fruits is a protective factor. The difference in dietary habits bettween different dietary structure groups in Tibetan community residents were statisticaly significant. Conclusion Good healthy eating habit is an important independent protective factor for Tibetan community residents in Lhasa.

关 键 词：饮食习惯 高血压 藏族 社区居民 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]