2016年聊城市东昌府区社区居民干预前后骨骼健康相关知信行变化情况调查  

Investigation on changes before and after intervention in knowledge,beliefs and behaviors about bone health among community residents,Liaocheng city,2016

作　　者：赵彤 刘永清[1] 张蕾[1] 岳国琦 李璟 徐伟 ZHAO Tong;LIU Yong-qing;ZHANG Lei;YUE Guo-qi;LI Jing;XU Wei(Liaocheng City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Liaocheng,Shandong,252000,China)

机构地区：[1]聊城市疾病预防控制中心,山东聊城252000 [2]聊城市东昌府区疾病预防控制中心,山东聊城252000

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2018年第7期505-511,共7页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的了解聊城市居民在干预前后对骨骼健康相关知识、信念和行为的变化情况,为制定下一步防治策略提供依据。方法采用类实验的方法,于2016年12月选取聊城市东昌府区新世纪社区作为试点,干预前随机选择200名社区居民进行问卷调查,干预周期1年后再随机选择200名接受宣讲的居民进行第2次问卷调查。结果干预前共回收有效问卷213份,干预后回收有效问卷209份。干预前社区居民的平均年龄为(64.13±11.34)岁,干预后为(64.92±11.65)岁。在更有可能导致骨质疏松认知的项目上,干预前分别有57.28%、70.89%的居民认为女性绝经、超重或肥胖更有可能,干预后上升至76.56%、81.82%(P <0.01);在更不可能导致骨质疏松认知的项目上,干预前分别有17.37%、15.96%的居民认为膳食均衡、进行有规律的运动更不可能,干预后55.98%、62.20%(P <0.01)。在运动方面,干预前35.21%、20.19%的居民认为自己完全做不到开始一项新的锻炼计划或锻炼项目、即使锻炼很困难,还是会坚持锻炼,干预后下降至16.75%、6.70%(P <0.01);在饮食方面,干预前9.86%、8.45%的居民认为自己完全做不到改变饮食习惯来增加对含钙量高的食物的摄入、经常进食含钙量高的食物,干预后下降至4.31%、1.44%(P <0.05)。干预前95.31%的居民有预防骨质疏松的需求,干预后99.04%(P <0.05)。干预前59.15%的居民从不或者极少能够做到注意阅读食物成分标签上的维生素D含量,干预后33.97%(P <0.01);干预前33.80%的居民从不或者极少能够坚持科学生活方式,干预后19.14%(P <0.01)。结论聊城市居民对骨质疏松症有一定的认知。Objective To understand the changes of bone health knowledge, beliefs and behaviors of city residents before and after intervention,and provide evidence for the prevention strategies. Methods Class experiment was used in this study. The new century community was selected as a pilot project,200 community residents were randomly selected for the questionnaire survey in December,2016. After 1-year intervention,200 random-selected community residents were investigated again. Results Totally 213 and 209 valid questionnaires were recovered before and after intervention. The average age of community residents before and after intervention was 64.13 ± 11.34 years old and 64.92±11.65 years old. There were 67. 28% and 70. 89% of community residents understood that menopause,overweight and obesity were risk factors linked to osteoporosis before the intervention,and the rate rose to 76.56% and 81.82% after intervention（ P 〈0.01）. People who knew diet balance and regular physical exercises were less likely to lead to osteoporosis increased from 17.37% and 15.96% to 55.98% ,62.20%after intervention（ P 〈0.01）. In the aspect of sport,the percentage of residents who thought ＂it was impossible to start a new exercise plan or learn a new sport＂ ,and ＂they could keep exercising although it was difficult＂ declined from 35.21% and 20.19%to 16.75% ,6.70% after intervention（ P 〈0.01）. The percentages decreased from 9.86 % ,8.45 % to 4.31%, 1.44 % after intervention in terms of items ＂it is impossible to change the diet habit to increase food intake rich in calcium＂ and ＂eating food rich in calcium regularly＂（ P 〈0.05）. 95.31%of residents had the need to prevent osteoporosis before intervention while it rose to 99.04% after intervention（ P 〈0.05） . Percentage of people who never read the vitamin D content on food ingredient labels decreased from 59.15 % to 33.97 % after intervention. Percentage of residents who never or rarely adhere to a scientific lifestyle were 33.80 % or 19.14 % before

关 键 词：健康教育 骨骼健康 骨质疏松症 

分 类 号：R16[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]