表观遗传学的作用机制及其与经典遗传学的异同  

The Mechanism of Epigenetics and theDifference between the Classical Fenetics and Epigenetics

作　　者：惠瑞敏 王小荣 朱文婷[1] HuiRui-min;WangXiao-rong;ZhuWen-ting(Xianyang Normal University,Shaanxi Xianyang712000)

机构地区：[1]咸阳师范学院,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《生物化工》2018年第5期102-104,共3页Biological Chemical Engineering

基　　金：咸阳师范学院专项科研项目(XSYK17013)

摘　　要：经典遗传学认为,生物的遗传信息储存在DNA的碱基序列即一级结构中,一级结构的改变有时会导致生物产生可遗传的变异。然而,越来越多的研究证明,在一级结构不发生改变的情况下,DNA甲基化、蛋白质的共价修饰、染色质重塑、非编码RNA调控等的修饰作用也会导致生物的性状产生可遗传的变异,即表观遗传学。本文通过介绍表观遗传学的四种作用机制揭示其遗传规律,并比较其与经典遗传学的异同。Classical Sometimes,changingof genetics holds that the genetic information of organisms is stored in the base sequence of DNA. the base sequence of DNAwill lead to genetic variation in organisms. However, more and more research have shown that some modifications, such as DNA methylation, histone modification; chromosome remodeling; non-coding RNA, also lead to heritable changes in biological traits, namely epigenetics.

关 键 词：表观遗传学 DNA甲基化 蛋白质共价修饰 染色质重塑 非编码RNA调控 

分 类 号：Q343[生物学—遗传学]