载人航天任务固废处理技术初筛评价方法研究  

Study on Primary Screening Method for Solid Waste Treatment Technology in Manned Space Missions

作　　者：张良长[1,2] 武重阳 艾为党 张春艳[1] 张平 杨国威 ZHANG Liangchang;WU Chongyang;AI Weidang;ZHANG Chunyan;ZHANG Ping;YANG Guowei(National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering,China astronaut research and training center,Beijing 100094,China;Space Institute of Southern China,Shenzhen 518117,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心人因工程重点实验室,北京100094 [2]深圳市太空科技南方研究院,深圳518117

出　　处：《载人航天》2018年第5期596-602,共7页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：人因工程重点实验室开放课题基金项目(SYFD170051808K);中国航天医学工程预先研究项目(2015SY54B0902)

摘　　要：随着载人航天任务的发展,固废处理的需求显著增强,亟须建立系统的评价方法,以完成不同任务场景固废处理技术的选择。在全面梳理固废处理技术的基础上,归纳总结了涵盖等效系统质量、技术性能、技术水平和安全可靠性这4大类共10项技术指标在内的评价体系;采用归一化处理与权重分析方法,得到了应用于固废处理技术初步筛选的综合性量化评价指标。评价方法通过完成空间站以及星球基地两类典型任务场景下的固废处理技术适应性的定量排序得到了验证。With the development of manned space missions, the demand for solid waste treatmentincreased significantly. Systematic evaluation method is needed to screen the solid waste treatmenttechnologies for different mission scenarios. On the basis of comprehensive review of solid wastetreatment technologies, an evaluation system was summarized which covered four major categories（including equivalent system mass, technical performance, technical level, safety and reliability）and 10 technical indicators. Using the methods of normalization and weight analysis, a comprehen-sive quantitative evaluation indicator for solid waste treatment technologies selection was obtained.The quantitative sequencing of solid waste treatment technologies under the typical space station andplanetary base scenarios was completed with this quantitative evaluation method.

关 键 词：环境控制与生命保障系统 固体废物 处理 定量评价 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]