东北冷凉地区秸秆还田方式对水稻光合、干物质积累及氮素吸收的影响  

Effects of Straw Incorporation Modes on Rice Photosynthesis, Dry Matter Accumulation and Nitrogen Uptake in Cool Region of Northeast China

作　　者：隋阳辉[1,2] 高继平[2] 刘彩虹 徐正进[2] 王延波[1] 赵海岩[1] Sui Yanghui;Gao Jiping;Liu Caihong;Xu Zhengjin;Wang Yanbo;Zhao Haiyan(Corn Research Institute,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang 110161,Liaoning,China;Rice Research Institute,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,Liaoning,China;jilin City Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jilin 132101,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院玉米研究所,辽宁沈阳110161 [2]沈阳农业大学水稻研究所,辽宁沈阳110866 [3]吉林市农业科学院,吉林吉林132101

出　　处：《作物杂志》2018年第5期137-143,共7页Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0300700);国家自然科学基金(31501250);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2017M611255);沈阳市科技计划项目(17-231-1-37)

摘　　要：为探讨东北冷凉地区水稻秸秆适宜的还田方式,开展大田定位试验,研究了秸秆直接还田和炭化还田对水稻光合能力、干物质积累的影响。结果表明,施用氮肥条件下2种还田方式均能促进水稻地上部干物质积累,尤其是炭化还田在成熟期较直接还田干物质积累更多;不施用氮肥条件下炭化还田地上部干物质积累量有增加趋势,但直接还田与对照相比却降低了地上部干物质量。2种还田方式都有提高氮肥利用率的趋势,炭化还田和直接还田的氮肥利用率分别为59%和56%。To investigate the appropriate way of returning rice straw in the cool areas of northeast China, a field experiment was carry out to study the effects of straw incorporation modes on rice photosynthesis and dry matter accumulation. The results indicated that two methods of straw incorporation could improve the above-ground dry matter accumulation of rice under application of nitrogen fertilizer, especially in the mature stage carbonized straw had more dry matter accumulation compared with the straw returning directly. Above-ground dry matter accumulation increased under straw carbonized returning without nitrogen fertilization, but dry matter accumulation of the straw returning directly decreased compared with the control. Both methods of straw incorporation had a tendency to increase the utilization rate of N fertilizer. The nitrogen use efficiency of two methods of straw incorporation were 59% and 56%, respectively.

关 键 词：水稻 秸秆炭化还田 秸秆还田 光合特性 干物质积累 氮肥利用率 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S141.4