文人与德行:中国古代相关话题的生成与演变  

On the Emergence and Evolution of the Topics about Literati and Their Morality

作　　者：党月瑶 熊湘 DANG Yueyao;XIONG Xiang(School of Humanities,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310028;School of Humanities,Jiang Nan University,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214122)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学人文学院 [2]江南大学人文学院

出　　处：《中国人民大学学报》2018年第5期155-162,共8页Journal of Renmin University of China

摘　　要：魏晋六朝关于"文人类不护细行""文人多陷轻薄"的表述,具有道德与世用两个阐释维度。唐人未对曹丕、刘勰、颜之推等人遗留的话题大加发挥。与"文人类不护细行"相较,"文人相轻"吸引了宋人更多的注意力,其运用方式也更加多样化。从"文人类不护细行"到"文人无行",文人德行话题经历了判断愈发绝对化、传播愈发广泛的过程。明人将"文人无行"的阐释提升至儒家理道的高度,为话题注入新内涵,也激起了不少人的反驳,形成不可忽视的批评思潮。相对于事件和话语形式,古人的价值观念和理想身份结构才是文人德行话题盛行的内在动力。The statements that ＂most literati do not mind small behaviors＂ and ＂most literati are frivolous＂ involve two interpretive dimensions of morality and official career. People in the Tang dynasty did not develop these topics, whilst people in the Song dynasty continue the interpreting modes which derived from the Wei-Jin and Six-Dynasty periods. However, compared to the topic that most of literati don＇t mind small behaviors, the topic that literati scorn each other catch more attention in the Song dynasty. The ways in which this topic is used are diversified. From ＂ most of literati don＇t mind small behaviors＂ to ＂ literati are not virtuous＂, topics about morality of the literati get more and more absolute, and spread more and more widely. In the Ming dynasty, the topic that literati are not virtuous was perceived from Confucianism perspective, which added new connotation to this topic while at the same time drew many rebukes from the people, thus forming criticism trend. Compared with the event and forms of discourse, the value and ideal identity structure of the ancient people are the very internal driving forces for the popularity of literati＇s moral integrity.

关 键 词：德行 文人相轻 文人无行 纠偏 失控 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]