重庆市玉米机械化生产现状及发展对策  

Current Situation of Mechanization Production and Development Countermeasures of Corn in Chongqing

作　　者：田红琳[1] 刘春英 李晔[1] 蒋志成[1] 周汝平 冯定明 崔俊娟 周志淑 许明陆[1] 周茂林[1] Tian Honglin;Liu Chunying;Li Ye;Jiang Zhicheng;Zhou Ruping;Feng Dingming;Cui Junjuan;Zhou Zhishu;Xu Minglu;Zhou Maolin(Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Science,Chongqing,401329;Agriculture Commission of Shizhu County,Chongqing,409100;Chongqing Keguang Seed ＆ Seedling Co.Ltd.,Chongqing,400060;Agriculture Commission of Nanchuan County,Chongqing,408400)

机构地区：[1]重庆市农业科学院玉米研究所,重庆401329 [2]重庆科光种苗有限公司,重庆400060 [3]重庆市石柱县农委,重庆409100 [4]南川区农业委员会,重庆408400

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2018年第19期6532-6536,共5页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：粮食丰产增效科技创新重点专项(2017YFD0301704);国家玉米产业技术体系(CARS-02-78);粮丰工程子课题重庆丘陵春玉米耐密宜机品种筛选(2016YFD030030703)共同资助

摘　　要：重庆地处西南山地丘陵玉米区,玉米是重庆市第二大粮食作物,常年种植面积4.753×105 hm2,占全国种植面积的1.29%。近年来,随着青壮劳动力的外流,大大制约了农业生产的进步;在国家农业供给侧结构性改革及市场比较效益的双重背景下,玉米生产亟需全程机械化。本研究从重庆市玉米生产现状出发,探讨重庆市玉米生产条件及玉米机械化生产现状,分析制约重庆地区实施玉米机械化的主要瓶颈,针对性地提出集中农户承包土地,整治为宜机化田块,引进消化国内外先进农机与自行开发研制相结合,通过政策引导及示范片带动,实现农机农艺结合,以促进重庆玉米全程机械化生产,提高玉米种植效益,实现轻简、高效的玉米生产。Chongqing is located in the southwest mountain and hilly corn area. Com is the second largest grain crop in Chongqing. Its annual planting area is 475 thousand and 300 hectares, accounting for 1.29% of the total planting area in China. In recent years, the outflow of younger labor has greatly restricted the progress of agricultural production. Under the dual background of the structural reform of the national agricultural supply side and the comparative efficiency of the market, corn production needs to be mechanized in the whole process. From the current situation of maize production in Chongqing, this study discussed the present situation of the production conditions and mechanization production of corn in Chongqing, analyzed the main bottlenecks restricting maize mechanization in Chongqing, and pointed out that centralized farmers＇ contracted land should be properly regulated to be suitable for mechanization. Also, it suggested to introduce domestic and foreign advanced agricultural machinery, combined with self-development and innovation. Through policy guidance and demonstration films to promote the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy, so as to promote the corn mechanization produc tion in Chongqing, improve the maize planting benefit, and realize the lightweight and efficient maize production.

关 键 词：重庆 玉米 机械化 现状 发展对策 

分 类 号：S233.73[农业科学—农业机械化工程]