新型纳米银体外广谱抗菌作用及机制  

The broad-spectrum antibacteria effects and mechanism of new-type silver nanoparticles in vitro

作　　者：秦社宣 童细焱[2] 孙林煌 周少华 刘思扬 郑丛龙 俞红女[2] QIN Shexuan;TONG Xiyan;SUN Linhuang;ZHOU Shaohua;LIU Siyang;ZHENG Conglong;YU Hongnv(Zhejiang Sanhe Nanotechnology Co.,LTD.,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 312000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江三禾纳米科技有限公司,浙江绍兴312000 [2]大连大学附属新华医院,辽宁大连116021 [3]大连医科大学中山学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2018年第9期1024-1028,共5页Chinese Journal of Microecology

摘　　要：目的探讨新型纳米银体外对临床感染常见细菌的广谱抗菌作用及机制。方法选择临床常见的金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌为研究对象,采用平板涂布法检测新型纳米银的广谱抗菌作用,利用透射电镜观察细菌呼吸链脱氢酶活性和细菌细胞膜的渗漏性改变,探讨新型纳米银的抗菌作用机制。结果新型纳米银浓度超过0.05μg/mL对临床感染常见的5种细菌具有明显的抑制作用;浓度5μg/mL的新型纳米银体外作用临床感染常见细菌5min,可100%抑制细菌生长。电镜观察新型纳米银可吸附在金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌的菌体表面,改变了细菌形态结构。新型纳米银可明显抑制金黄色葡萄球菌与大肠埃希菌的呼吸链脱氢酶活性;较高浓度的新型纳米银可破坏金黄色葡萄球菌与大肠埃希菌的细胞膜,导致细菌胞浆内容物外漏。结论新型纳米银对临床感染常见细菌具有广谱高效的抗菌作用,其作用机制可能与新型纳米银吸附在细菌表面,抑制细菌表面生物大分子功能或活性有关,研究结果为新型纳米银抗菌作用的深入研究及临床应用提供了实验依据。Objective To explore the antibacterial effect and mechanism of new-type silver nanoparticles in vitro on bacteria causing common clinical infections.Methods With clinical common Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the subjects,spread plate method was used to detect the broad-spectrum antibacterial effect of new-type silver nanoparticles.Transmission electron microscope was used,and the activity of dehydrogenase in bacterial respiratory chain and permeability of bacterial cell membrane were detected to explore the antibacterial mechanism of new-type silver nanoparticles.Results The new-type silver nanoparticles at a concentration≥0.05μg/mL showed a significant antibacterial effect on the five bacteria.5μg/mL of new-type silver nanoparticles inhibited the growth of the five bacteria completely in 5 minutes in vitro.The new-type silver nanoparticles adhered to the surface of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli,thus changed the morphology of them.The new-type silver nanoparticles significantly inhibited the activity of respiratory chain dehydrogenase of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.High concentration of new-type silver nanoparticles destroyed the cell membrane of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli,leading to the leakage of the contents of bacterial cytoplasm.Conclusion The new-type silver nanoparticles have efficient broad-spectrum antibacterial effect on common bacteria causing clinical infections.The mechanism may be related to the adhesion to the surface of bacteria and inhibition of the function or activity of biological macromolecules on bacterial surface.The results will provide experimental basis for further study and clinical application of newtype silver nanoparticles.

关 键 词：新型纳米银 临床感染 常见细菌 广谱抗菌 作用机制 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]