橘叶化学成分的分离鉴定  

Isolation and Identification of Chemical Constituents from Leaves of Citrus reticulata

作　　者：董发武 段玲慧 饶高雄[1] 何红平[1] DONG Fa-wu;DUAN Ling-hui;RAO Gao-xiong;HE Hong-ping(Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Knnming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南中医学院

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2018年第21期46-50,共5页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：云南省教育厅资助性项目(2016zzx117)

摘　　要：目的：橘叶为常见中药,具有疏肝解郁、理气止痛、化痰散结的功效,主要用于治疗乳痈肿痛、乳房结块、疝气疼痛等症。现代药理学研究表明,橘叶水煎液对小鼠乳腺炎有抑制作用,该文旨在研究橘叶的化学成分,揭示其发挥药效的物质基础。方法：分别采用95%乙醇和70%乙醇对橘叶粗粉进行浸渍和回流提取,利用小孔树脂（MCI）柱色谱对乙醇提取物进行初步分离,综合运用硅胶,MCI,ODS,聚酰胺,LH-20羟丙基葡聚糖凝胶（Sephadex LH-20）等多种柱色谱方法分离和纯化化合物,根据理化性质,结合NMR及MS等波谱技术鉴定化合物结构。结果：从橘叶中分离得到12个化合物,分别鉴定为川陈皮素（nobiletin,1）,5-去甲基川陈皮素（5-demethylnobile,2）,橘红素（tangeretin,3）,5,7,8,4＇-四甲氧基黄酮（5,7,8,4＇-tetramethoxyflavone,4）,5-羟基-6,7,3＇,4＇-四甲氧基黄酮（5-hydroxy-6,7,3＇,4＇-tetramethoxyflavone,5）,β-香树脂醇（β-amyrin,6）,羽扇豆醇（lupeol,7）,植醇（phytol,8）,豆甾-5,22-二烯-3β-醇（stigmastane-5,22-dien-3β-ol,9）,β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol,10）,对羟基苯甲醛（p-hydroxybenzaldehyde,11）,香草醛（vanillin,12）。结论：化合物4~12为首次从橘叶中分离得到。Objective： The leaves of Citrus reticulata,a common traditional Chinese medicine,are mainly used for the treatment of various diseases,including acute mastitis,caked breast and hernia symptoms,owing to its effects of relieving the depressed liver,soothing the liver,regulating the circulation of Qi,alleviating pain,dissipating phlegm and resolving masses. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that the hot water extracts from the leaves of C. reticulata have inhibitory effects on mastitis in mice. This paper aims to study their chemical constituents and reveal the effective substances. Method： The coarse powder of C. reticulata leaves was extracted by methods of soaking and refluxing with 95% and 70% ethanol,respectively. Then the ethanol extracts were separated preliminarily by MCI column chromatography（ CC）. The compounds were isolated and purified by using various chromatographic techniques,including silica gel,MCI,ODS,polyamide and Sephadex LH-20 CC.Their structures were identified on the basis of their physical-chemical properties and spectroscopic techniques,including NMR and MS. Result： Twelve compounds were obtained and identified as nobiletin（ 1）,5-demethylnobile（ 2）, tangeretin（ 3）, 5, 7, 8, 4＇-tetramethoxyflavone（ 4）, 5-hydroxy-6, 7, 3＇,4＇-tetramethoxyflavone（ 5）, β-amyrin（ 6）, lupeol（ 7）, phytol（ 8）, stigmastane-5,22-dien-3β-ol（ 9）,β-sitosterol（ 10）, p-hy-droxybenzaldehyde（ 11） and vanillin（ 12）, respectively. Conclusion： Compounds4-12 were isolated from the leaves of Citrus reticulata for the first time.

关 键 词：柑橘属 橘叶 多甲氧基黄酮 β-香树脂醇 羽扇豆醇 

分 类 号：R284.2[医药卫生—中药学] R22[医药卫生—中医学]