建筑尾迹中直升机进场着陆策略研究  

Research on helicopter landing strategy in urban airwake

作　　者：陈金鹤[1] 汪正中[1] 林永峰[1] 孙伟[1] 蔡伟健[2] CHEN Jin-he;WANG Zheng-zhong;LIN Yong-feng;SUN Wei;CAI Wei-jian(Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Rotorcraft Aeromechanics,China Helicopter Research and Development Institute,Jingdezhen 333001,China;Flight Control and Engineering Simulation Laboratory,China Helicopter Research and Development Institute,Jingdezhen 333001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国直升机设计研究所直升机旋翼动力学重点实验室,江西景德镇333001 [2]中国直升机设计研究所飞行控制及工程仿真室,江西景德镇333001

出　　处：《飞行力学》2018年第5期67-70,76,共5页Flight Dynamics

摘　　要：城区环境中的建筑尾迹对直升机的安全起降有很大的影响,为研究建筑尾迹中安全进场着陆策略,提出了一种基于飞行员工作负荷的飞行安全评估方法。以某型直升机为研究对象,建立耦合建筑尾迹流场的飞行动力学模型,进行人在环飞行仿真,并基于Cooper-Harper评级体系建立了飞行员工作负荷评估模型。采用该评估模型对直升机城区建筑尾迹中,不同进场着陆方式的最优化飞行操纵进行评估。结果表明:直升机平衡计算与试飞数据吻合良好,验证了飞行动力学模型的准确性;采取迎风的进场方式,可有效减小飞行员工作负荷,为提高进场着陆的安全性,采用45°~60°方位进场较合适。This paper focus on the safety when the helicopter is landing near a building,for studying the strategy of helicopter landing in building airwake,proposed a flight safety evaluation method based on pilot workload. A quasi-steady airwake have been modeled which the viscous unstructured Cartesian grid technology is used to solve N-S equation and integrated into a pilot-in-the-loop simulation where effects of urban building airwake on pilot workload could be estimated. Then the model of the calculation of handling qualities rating（HQR） predictor from the pilot awarded ratings and measured history of control and attitude during the simulation. In addition,the optimal trajectory is formulated as optimal control problems with the flight dynamic model of helicopter has to be promoted which considered the effect of urban airwake. The helicopter landing from optimal trajectories is evaluated by the predictor,and the results show that the approach to the wind could reduce the side wind effect,and effectively reduce the pilot workload.Overall,45° - 60° approach method on the building is an optimal choice.

关 键 词：城区紊流 飞行员工作负荷 最优化轨迹 

分 类 号：V212.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]