2012—2017年山西省饮水型地方性砷中毒监测结果分析  

Analysis of monitoring results of drinking-water type endemic arsenism in Shanxi Province from 2012 to 2017

作　　者：桑志萍[1] 贾清珍[1] 王正辉[1] 吴赵明[1] 李鹏飞[1] 武敏[1] 李秉政[1] 雷延庆[1] 尉红[1] Sang Zhiping;Jia Qingzhen;Wang Zhenghui;Wu Zhaoming;Li Pengfei;Wu Min;Li Bingzheng;Lei Yanqing;Wei Hong(Internal Medicine of Endemiology,Shanxi Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Treatment,Linfen 041000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省地方病防治研究所地方病内科,临汾041000

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2018年第10期798-801,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目（2012-2017）

摘　　要：目的评价山西省饮水型地方性砷中毒病区改水防治效果，进一步制定和完善可持续防治策略。方法2012 - 2017年，在全省5个病区县抽取14个病区村作为监测点，调查监测点的改水情况及改水工程运行情况，检测水砷含量。对监测村常住人口砷中毒病情进行调查。结果14个监测村已全部改水，改水率为100%，共监测11个改水工程，其中小型改水工程7个，大型改水工程4个，全部正常运行。2012 - 2015年，11个改水工程水砷含量全部合格；2016年山阴县1个大型集中改水工程水砷含量超标（〉 0.01 mg/L），其余10个改水工程水砷含量均合格；2017年，山阴县和应县共2个大型集中改水工程水砷含量超标（〉 0.01 mg/L），其余9个改水工程水砷含量均合格。2012 - 2017年，砷中毒患者检出率依次为1.36%（104/7 641）、1.57%（123/7 832）、1.61%（123/7 621）、1.53%（120/7 857）、1.28%（102/7 963）、1.56%（124/7 958），各年度间比较差异无统计学意义（χ2 = 4.979 9，P 〉 0.05），砷中毒患者以轻度为主，占82.61%（575/696），无新发病例。结论山西省饮水型地方性砷中毒病区改水工程运行正常，砷中毒病情已得到有效控制；个别改水工程水砷含量超标，加强改水工程的管理应是今后防治饮水型地方性砷中毒工作的重点。ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of water improvement projects on drinking-water-borne endemic arsenism in Shanxi Province, to work out and refine sustainable prevention and control strategies.MethodsThe operating situation of water-improvement projects was investigated and monitored, and the arsenic content in drinking water was determined in drinking-water-borne arseniasis areas, which including 14 monitored sites in 5 countries from 2012 to 2017. The condition of arsenic poisoning in the resident population of the monitored sites was investigated and the arsenic content in the urine of patients was determined.ResultsTotally 14 monitored sites were already finished water improvement, the rate of water-improvement was 100%. Totally 11 water-improvement projects were monitored, including 7 small-scale water-improvement projects and 4 large-scale water-improvement projects, which all qualified and operated normally from 2012 to 2015. In 2016, one water-improvement project was found with excessive level （〉 0.01 mg/L） of arsenic in drinking water in Shanyin County, and the other 10 water-improvement projects＇ arsenic contents were qualified. In 2017, two unqualified large-scale water-improvement projects had water arsenic content over （〉 0.01 mg/L） in Shanyin County and Ying County, respectively. And the other 9 water-improvement projects were qualified. The detection rates of arsenic poisoning from 2012 to 2017 were 1.36% （104/7 641）, 1.57% （123/7 832）, 1.61% （123/7 621）, 1.53% （120/7 857）, 1.28% （102/7 963） and 1.56% （124/7 958）, respectively, and the differences were not statistically significant （χ2 = 4.979 9, P 〉 0.05）. Most patients with arsenic poisoning were mild to moderate patients, accounted for 82.61% （575/696） and no new case was detected.ConclusionsArsenic poisoning in drinking-water-borne arseniasis areas in Shanxi Province has been controlled. Natural operation of water-improvement projects has kept water arsenic levels normal. Water arsenic content has

关 键 词：饮水 砷中毒 数据收集 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]