动机访谈式健康教育对社区老年慢阻肺疾病患者自我管理行为和肺功能的影响  被引量:82

Effect of motivational interviewing health education on self-management behavior and lung function of elderly patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the community

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作  者:刘华[1] 周小兰[1] 宋梅[1] 白燕[1] 李晓虹[1] Liu Hua, Zhou Xiaolan ,Song Mei ,Bai Yan ,Li Xiaohong(Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021 , China)

机构地区:[1]西安医学院,710021

出  处:《中华老年医学杂志》2018年第10期1129-1133,共5页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

基  金:西安医学院校级课题(16hlxk18);陕西省卫计委基金项目(2016A005);陕西省哲学社会科学规划办公室(2017G011)

摘  要:目的探讨动机访谈式健康教育对社区稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者自我管理行为及肺功能的影响。方法方便抽样选取西安市6个社区稳定期COPD患者215例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组108例和实验组107例。对照组给予常规健康教育,实验组在此基础上行动机访谈式健康教育6个月,比较干预前后两组患者自我管理行为(吸烟情况、呼吸功能锻炼、全身锻炼、家庭氧疗、用药依从性、吸入给药方法)及肺功能改善情况。结果干预6个月后实验组患者戒烟率、经常参加呼吸功能锻炼者、经常参加全身锻炼者、经常进行家庭氧疗者、遵医嘱用药者、吸入给药方法正确者占比均高于干预前[分别为72.9%(78例)和84.1%(90例),16.8%(18例)和84.1%(90例),30.8%(33例)和87.0%(93例),9。3%(10例)和35.5%(38例),36.5%(39例)和86.9%(93例),44.9%(48例)和95.3%(102例),x。值分别为7.40、99.35、69.49、30.50、57.67和65.00,均P〈0.05]。干预后实验组患者肺活量、用力肺活量、1s用力呼气量、1s用力呼气量占预计值的百分比较干预前增加,分别为(2.53±0.41)L和(2.66±0.58)L,(2.51±0.45)L和(2.64±0.60)L,(1.59±0.23)L和(1.74±0.47)L,(63.6±22.8)%和(73.5±20.9)%(t值分别为-2.62,-2.56,~2.75,-3.38,均P〈0.05)。而对照组患者仅吸入给药方法正确者高于干预前[41.7%(45例)和61.1%(66例),x2=8.17,P〈0.05]。结论动机访谈式健康教育能有效改善稳定期COPD患者的自我管理行为及肺功能,是一种行之有效的疾病管理策略。Objective To explore the effects of motivational interviewing health education on the self-management behavior and lung function of the community-elderly patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Methods Totally 215 elderly patients with stable COPD from Xi'an community were enrolled by convenience sampling,and the patients were randomly divided into control (n= 108) and experimental group (n= 107) using the random number table. The patients in the experimental group received motivational interviewing health education for 6 months in addition to usual health education for both groups. The two groups were examed by self-management behavior ( smoking, respiratory function exercises, muscle exercises, home oxygen therapy, medication adherence and inhaled drugs method) and lung function before and after intervention. Results In the experimental group,smoking cessation rate [72.9% (78 cases) vs. 84.1% (90 cases),X2=7.40], respiratory-function exercises (often) [16.8% (18 cases) vs. 84.1% (90 cases),X2 =99.35],muscle exercises (often) [30.8% (33 cases) vs. 87.0% (93 cases),X2 = 69.492, frequent home-oxygen therapy [9.3 % (10 cases) vs. 35.5 % (38 cases) ,X2 = 30.50], medication following the doctor's advice [36.5%(39 cases) vs. 86.9% (93 cases), X2 =57.67] and right inhaled-drugs method [44.9% (48 cases) vs. 95.3 % (102 cases),X2 = 65.00]were much greater than those before intervention (all P 0.05).Lung function including vital capacity (VC) [(2. forced vital capacity (FVC) [(2.51 ±0.45) L vs. (2. 53 ± 0.41) L vs. (2.66±0.58)L,t=-2.62], 64 ± 0.60) L, t =- 2.56], forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) [(1.59±0.23)L vs. (1.74±0.47)L,t=-2.75],FEV 1% [(63.6± 22.8) % vs. (73.5±20.9)% ,t = 3.38]were significantly improved after 6 months as compared with those before intervention (all P 〈0.05). However,only right inhaled-drugs method was significantly grea

关 键 词:肺疾病 慢性阻塞性 动机 健康教育 呼吸功能试验 

分 类 号:R563.9[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R193[医药卫生—内科学]

 

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