兰州市大气颗粒物生物磁学监测研究  

Bio-magnetic Monitoring of Ambient PM Pollution in Lanzhou City

作　　者：陈红[1] 王博 刘慧[1] 马珊 路彩晨 贾佳 夏敦胜[1] CHEN Hong;WANG Bo;LIU Hui;MA Shan;LU Caichen;JIA Jia;XIA Dunsheng(Key Laboratory of Western China Environmental Systems,College of Earth and Environmental Science,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resource,CAS,Lanzhou 730000,China;Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions,CAS,Lanzbou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院西部环境教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国科学院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2018年第9期124-133,共10页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41504056);中科院西部之光青年学者B类项目;甘肃省科技支撑计划项目(1604FKCA096);中国博士后科学基金项目(2015M580892;2017T100785)

摘　　要：对兰州城区主要交通区、公园和生活区25种阔叶树种和6种针叶树种植物叶片进行环境磁学测试,采用洗脱-抽滤法对叶面滞尘量进行分析,以探讨不同功能区植物叶面滞尘对城市污染的磁学响应。结果显示,植物叶片滞尘能力存在明显的种间差异;0.5 m、1.5 m、2.5 m阔叶树种和1.5 m针叶树种植物叶片平均滞尘量分别在3.07 g/m^2、1.70 g/m^2、1.22 g/m^2和18.88 kg/m^3,叶表颗粒物磁性特征SIRM_(dust)分别为199.56×10^(-6)A、107.08×10^(-6)A、70.66×10^(-6)A和133.88×10^(-2)A/m。滞尘量和磁性参数结果表明,植物叶片表面滞尘量和磁性矿物含量均随距离地面高度的增加而减小,其值在交通区明显高于公园和生活区,且二者之间呈现出明显的相关性;叶片内部颗粒物质贡献了叶片磁性特征的18%~44%;SIRMdust可作为有效指示植物叶表颗粒物污染程度的磁学参数。This paper relates to investigation of environmental magnetism focusing on revealing the magnetic response of the dust retained by plant leaves in different functional areas to urban pollution. The measurement of SIRM（saturation isothermal remanent magnetization） was carried out involving 25 broadleaf trees and six conifers leaves/needles that were collected from the main traffic areas, parks and residential areas in Lanzhou City, and then the weight of dust retained by leaves/needles was analyzed by the elution-filtration method. The investigation revealed that the dust retention capacity of leaves differed among tree species notably： the dust mean weight of broadleaf tree leaves at the heights（from the ground） of 0.5 m, 1.5 m and 2.5 m were 3.07 g/m2, 1.70 g/m2, 1.22 g/m2, respectively, with the SIRMdustbeing respectively 199.56×10（-6）, 107.08×10（-6） and 70.66×10（-6） A; while the dust mean weight of conifer needles at the height of 1.5 m（from the ground） was 18.88 kg/m3, with the SIRMdustbeing 133.88×10（-2） A/m. The results suggested that weight of dust retained by leaves/needles and the content of magnetic minerals declined with the increases of dust sampling height above the ground; the values of the dust weight and SIRMdustwere higher in traffic areas than those in parks and residential areas with significant correlation between them. In addition, the proportion of SIRMaft（the internal PM of leaf blade） ranged from 18%44% of the SIRMdust. In conclusion, SIRMdustcan be used as a magnetic parameter to indicate the PM pollution on the surface of tree leaf/needle.

关 键 词：环境磁学 颗粒物污染 植物叶片 兰州 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]