含油钻屑处理技术的研究进展  

Progress in Treatment of Oil-Contaminated Drill Cuttings

作　　者：商辉[1] 翟云娟 汪天也 张文慧[1] SHANG Hui;ZHAI Yunjuan;WANG Tianye;ZHANG Wenhui(State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing,China University of Petroleum（Beijing）,Beijing 102249,China;Beijing Huayou Union Gas Development Co.LTD,Beijing 100176,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)重质油国家重点实验室,北京昌平102249 [2]北京华油联合燃气开发有限公司,北京海淀100176

出　　处：《武汉工程大学学报》2018年第5期473-478,共6页Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(21476258)

摘　　要：油基钻井液在钻井过程中的广泛使用,产生了大量的含油钻屑。目前各个国家对环保的要求越来越严格,因此由油基钻井液所产生的钻井废弃物必须经过一定的处理,达到环境要求方可排放。目前国内外含油钻屑的处理方法主要有回注法、固化法、机械分离法、生物法、溶剂抽提法以及热处理等。其中固化、回注和填埋,由于并未对其中的有机物进行处理,仍留有安全隐患;生物法存在菌种选择复杂,处理周期长,废水和废渣仍需处理的问题;热处理法中的热解析法最为有效,可以实现含油钻屑的资源化和无害化,尤其是微波热解析法,效率高、设备简单、占地面积小,该方法处理含油钻屑具有很好的潜力。A large number of oil-contaminated drill cuttings are produced with the extensive usage of oil-based muds in the drilling process. These cuttings must be treated before discharge to meet the requirements of thestringent environmental legislation. Recently,the main treatment technologies include re-injection into thededicated wells, solidification, mechanical separation, bio-remediation, solvent extraction and thermaltreatment methods. The potential safety problems exist in solidification,landfill and re-injection due to thepresence of the organic materials remained. The biological method shows some disadvantages such as thedifficulty in bacteria selection,long time of treatment and waste water/solid residue. Thermal pyrolysis,especially microwave pyrolysis has been proved to be the most suitable and potential method with highefficiency,simple equipment and small land occupation,which can accomplish harmlessness of the treated cuttings and the resource recovery.

关 键 词：含油钻屑 热解析 资源化 无害化 

分 类 号：TE254[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]