内蒙古地区马铃薯黑痣病立枯丝核菌融合群及致病性研究  

Anastomosis Groups of Rhizoctonia solani from Potato and Pathogenicities in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：曹春梅[1] 王晓娇[1,2] 许飞[1] 逯春杏 陈铭 CAO Chunmei;WANG Xiaojiao;XU Fei;LU Chunxing;CHEN Ming(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010031,China;Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010018,China;wuchuan Agricultural Technology Promotion Center,Wuchuan,Inner Mongolia 011700,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [2]内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [3]内蒙古呼和浩特武川县农业技术推广中心,内蒙古武川011700

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2018年第5期293-302,共10页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31260416)

摘　　要：从内蒙古中西部马铃薯主产区的15个旗县盟市采集分离纯化得到148个马铃薯黑痣病病样标本,经鉴定148个均为立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn),通过病原菌生长速度测定结果表明,从内蒙古各地区采集的黑痣病病原菌按菌丝生长速度可聚为3类,即慢速、中等、快速生长型,其中以中、快生长速度类型为主。采用载玻片配对法鉴定菌丝融合群,61个菌株中,45个菌株属于融合群AG-3,占73.77%,4个菌株属于AG-1-IB,3个菌株属于AG-2,分别占6.56%和4.92%,另有9个菌株与标准菌株不融合,占14.75%,表明内蒙古中西部地区马铃薯黑痣病立枯丝核菌的优势菌系是AG-3融合群。采用土壤接种法测定不同生长速度、不同融合群菌株致病力,试验表明,各菌株均能侵染马铃薯块茎,并出现典型的黑痣病症状,但不同菌株致病力强弱不同。从病原菌生长速度与致病力相关分析发现,致病力与菌丝生长速度具有一定的正相关性。A total of 148 Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn strains were isolated from potato tubers with black scuff disease collected from 15 potato planting counties in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. The collected R. solani Kuhn strains were grouped into three classes, fast growth, slow growth and medium growth, based on the hyphal growth rate. The majority of the fungi isolated were of fast and medium growth types. To examine the anastomosis groups of isolated R. solani Kuhn strains, the isolated strains were co-cultured with anastomosis standard strains on sterile slide glass and the occurrence of hyphal fusion was observed under microscope. The examination indicated that in total of 61 strains, 45 strains （73.77%）, four strains （6.56%）, and three strains （4.92%） belonged to AG-3, AG-1-1B and AG-2 anastomosis groups, respectively, while nine strains （14.75%） did not belong to any anastomosis groups above. These results suggested that the dominant strains causing potato black scurf disease in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were mainly R. solani Kuhn AG-3. To test pathogenicity of different anastomosis groups of R. solani Kuhn, the potato tubers were planted with soil infested with isolated fungi. The results showed that all the tested fungi were able to cause typical symptoms of potato black scurf disease on tubers and stalk, but their pathogenicity levels varied. Moreover, it was found that the hyphal growth rate was positively to some extent correlated with their pathogenicity.

关 键 词：立枯丝核菌 菌丝生长速度 菌丝融合群 致病力 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]